Salt in alchemy is an independent mineral as well as one of the tria prima, or Three Primes, a medieval concept dominating Renaissance alchemy. As a representation of earth and the human body, simple rock salt personifies grounding and foundational aspects of existence.
Salt holds a significant role in human history and culture. In its natural crystalline state, salt is known as rock salt or halite, or NaCl with trace minerals. In refined form it's table salt NaCl. Saltiness is one of the primary human tastes.
In alchemy salt is a symbol of lower consciousness, reflecting the basic or material aspects of human nature. At the same time it's a grounding energy for transcendence or exploration. Salts of different properties are used in alchemy and other disciplines.
By the middle Bronze Age, Egyptians are known to process and trade salt fish. As well as a health necessity salt is a preservative. Its use in preservation is documented in ancient Egypt. Salt is used in rituals of purification before attempting divine communication.
Used heavily by ancient Egyptians, salt (natron) is vital for mummification. After removing the internal organs of the deceased, except the heart, Egyptians clean the body with spices and palm wine, and pack it with natron salts. It rests for forty days before the next step.
After the Islamic conquest of Egypt in c. 642 AD, Eastern thinkers incorporate Greek thought. They build on mercury / sulfur models based on work of Jābir ibn Ḥayyān. Alchemy enters an Islamic Golden Age c. 800 AD.
The alchemical tria prima arises from Islamic alchemy and the later Renaissance, when Paracelsus introduces the trio of mercury, sulfur and salt. In alchemy mercury is silver, moon, feminine; sulfur is gold, sun, masculine. Mercury is the White Queen and sulfur the Red King of the medieval alchemical marriage.
Understanding symbolic significance of salt in alchemy, one is aware of the composition and relationships of the tria prima, their singular qualities and functions as components of all matter or ingredients in making of medicines and precious metals.
Salt is a constrictive force and displays characteristics of condensation and crystallization. To alchemists of the Renaissance, salt is the substance of all things physical. It's the fixed principle of all existence.
Sodium or salt enables the transmission of nerve impulses in the body. Sodium regulates the electrical charges moving in and out of the cells. This mineral is also essential for the contraction of muscles. It's fundamental to the process of signals sent to and from the brain.
The human body does not produce salt, yet salt is one of the most important minerals needed for physical function. Salt is more plentiful in proteins such as beef and fowl than in grains and grain products. Salt deficiency is medically known as hyponatremia.
Humans ingest much salt from meat. Fish, even saltwater species, are typically low in sodium. Non-meat sodium sources include apples, avocado, papaya, mangos, melons, pears, celery, spinach, carrots and beets. Olives are salty due to being pickled in brine.
Every living thing needs salt. Plants get it from soil. Animals get it from dry sea beds or salt licks. The average human adult body has about 200 g (40 tsp) of salt, all externally sourced. Hyponatremia or salt deficiency happens when not enough sodium is present in the blood.
Salt has been used in magic since the time of the ancients. It protects against evil spirits such as malevolent demons and the evil eye. A circle of salt puts the practitioner in the center of mystic energies.
The origins of salt processing can be traced back to around 6000 BCE. Salting, brining, and pickling food as a means of preservation dates back to 2400 BCE in Mesopotamia.
Ancient people including Jews, Greeks, Romans, Byzantines, Hittites, Egyptians, and Indians recognize the immense value of salt. An important commodity for trade it also holds cultural and religious significance.
Early Christians see salt as a symbol of incorruptibility, eternity, and divine wisdom. For medieval and Renaissance conceptual alchemists, salt is the essential component in dissolution of the conscious self, later defined by Sigmund Freud as ego.
The discomfort and harshness experienced during spiritual development are linked to the cleansing properties of salt. In alchemy, salt also relates to the pinnacle of material transformation, attained by merging opposing forces and overcoming ignorance.
When in balance with sulfur (soul) and mercury (spirit), the element salt (body) plays a vital role in the intricate web of energies governing creation. Sulfur represents the essence of life, the driving force behind growth and transformation.
Mercury symbolizes adaptability and communication, facilitating the flow of energy within and without. Salt, as the embodiment of the physical form, grounds these ethereal forces, providing stability and structure to the creative process.
In alchemical traditions, the harmonious interaction of the three elements is essential for the manifestation of new life and ideas. Salt, as the earthly element, acts as a container for the spiritual energies of sulfur and mercury, shaping them into tangible reality.
Through the balanced interplay of these components the alchemist seeks to learn the secrets of nature and nature of creation. For mind/body/soul alchemists, the symbolism of salt extends beyond its elemental properties, representing purity, preservation, and wisdom.
Due to its flavor enhancement and preservative qualities, salt is used as a metaphor for the preservation of knowledge and enhancement of spiritual growth. Salt is a bridge between physical and spiritual realms, guiding the seeker through levels of discovery.
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