Transition metals are integral to nature, science, health and technology. Common transition metals include iron (Fe), copper (Cu), nickel...

CubeSats are miniature satellites with cutting edge technology and aerospace innovation. They are small units measuring 10x10x10 cm and...

Building robots is a mix of engineering, technology, and creativity. Metals and plastics are the standout choices for roboticists....

Silicone is strongly integrated into modern technology. From kitchen to electronics and self-healing robots, silicone is a human made...

Space satellites or artificial satellites orbit Earth sending and receiving data. Many function in navigation (GPS) and global...

Soy sauce has a rich umami taste and complex traditional production process taking time and skill. Originating in Asian cuisine, it's a...

Vibrio cholerae is the bacterium responsible for cholera, one of history's most destructive diseases. Cholera is an infection of the...

The Crabtree effect causes yeasts like Saccharomyces cerevisiae to produce alcohol in an oxygenated habitat under osmotic pressures from...

Pasteurization is a process of treatments designed to remove microbes from milk. Most microbes inhabiting raw milk are lactic acid...

Chocolate is one of the world's most beloved indulgences. The journey from cacao bean to chocolate bar is a series of artful processes,...

Brettanomyces is a wild yeast with domestic traits. "Brett" is found throughout the natural world. Microscopy helps define and...

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) create delicious flavors and tangy textures in dairy products like cheese, yogurt and fermented milk. These...

Sublimation is a process of refinement, purification or extraction of specific elements. The aludel, a unique alchemical apparatus, is...

Silica, silicon, and silicone refer to related but distinct substances with specific properties, applications, and origins. Silica is...

Brownian motion vividly illustrates the appearance of chaos at a microscopic level. This phenomenon, first observed by botanist Robert...

Andreas Libavius (c. 1550-1616) is one of the most influential figures of Renaissance alchemy, active in the Elizabethan era. His book...

Silica, or silicon dioxide (SiO2), occurs in the Earth’s crust, the microcosm and daily life. Silica makes ancient glass such as...

Silicon (Si) is one of the most abundant elements on Earth, a ductile metal important to industry and natural processes. Silicon is used...

Cobalt is a silvery grey metal used across various fields, including science, medicine, and industry. It receives its name from the...

Flowers of antimony are a purified form of antimony trioxide (Sb2O3). Created through sublimation, they have chemical and medical...