The solar wind is a continuous stream of charged particles emitted by the sun. This supersonic outflow of protons and electrons permeates...

Magnetotactic bacteria (MTB) navigate their environment using magnetic fields. They're found in a variety of saline and freshwater...

Magnetite is a magnetic mineral found in diverse geological settings. Its strong magnetism is an predominant quality. Magnetite makes up...

Rocks hold within them hidden forces. While not all rocks are obviously magnetic, most carry a subtle magnetic field. It comes from their...

Gravity influences ocean tides and shapes the weather patterns. It attracts objects toward one another, causing swollen seas, cloud...

Crude oil and natural gas are often found together in nature, both developing from the same process over millennia. Important energy...

OPEC emerges from a morass of political upheaval and economic shifts to consistently influence oil production and pricing worldwide. Its...

Magnetism affects the way spaceships and astronauts travel through space. The invisible forces generated by magnetic fields influence...

Oil or crude oil is a fossil fuel and primary source of energy. It influences national interests, economic power and international...

Semiconductors are materials forming the basis of computer chips. They're used in consumer electronics like smartphones; solar panels,...

Aluminum is lightweight, strong and resistant to corrosion. The most abundant metal in the Earth's crust, it's used in spacecraft,...

Rare earth elements (REEs) are scattered through the Earth's crust. Coveted by many, they're bargaining chips in world politics. REES are...

Fossil fuels, including oil, natural gas and coal, are formed by the buried remains of ancient organisms, under heat and pressure. Fossil...

Mineral oil is a petroleum product with vast uses in health and cosmetics, robotics, food and industry. In 1859 Edwin Drake successfully...

Lubrication is integral to keep mechanical parts moving smoothly. Robot lube increases performance and lifespan. From mineral oils to...

Silver is a lustrous versatile transition metal used from Neolithic times to create ornaments. It's known for antibacterial powers, and...

Carbon sequestration capture and store carbon either through biological means or in geological formations. This process, currently used...

Air pollution is an accelerating global crisis affecting millions of lives and ecosystems. Air pollution is contamination of the...

Industries use automation and robotics to promote productivity. Along with robot manufacturing advances come environmental concerns....

Lithium (Li) is a soft, silvery-white metal. Famous for rechargeable batteries, lithium is important to sectors like health and...