Plutonium-239 is an artificial isotope in nuclear energy and technology. It's not usually found in nature, produced primarily in nuclear...

Nuclear energy uses the power of the atom, the fundamental constituent of matter. Atomic energy is released through nuclear fission or...

Lithium-ion batteries power many aspects of life including smartphones and electric vehicles. With rapid market growth comes the question...

Magnetotactic bacteria (MTB) navigate their environment using magnetic fields. They're found in a variety of saline and freshwater...

Magnetite is a magnetic mineral found in diverse geological settings. Its strong magnetism is an predominant quality. Magnetite makes up...

Lasers are optical amplifications based on the stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation. It creates a highly focused, powerful...

Space aerosols are natural particles active in the atmosphere of Earth. They affect weather patterns, health and ecological balance. Some...

Spacecraft re-entry in the atmosphere has consequences. Many survive intense heat and friction through ablation, drawing heat away from...

Magnetism affects the way spaceships and astronauts travel through space. The invisible forces generated by magnetic fields influence...

A transistor is a semiconductor device. It can operate as either a switch or an amplifier. Made from materials like silicon or...

Robotics combines design, construction, and operation so machines can perform tasks automatically. Robots are a wide range of creations...

Transistors are semiconductor devices, operating like electric switches. Today billions of transistors can fit on a microchip. Hundreds...

Microchips or integrated circuits (ICs) are based on semiconductors . In every tiny chip are thousands to billions of transistors,...

Semiconductors are materials forming the basis of computer chips. They're used in consumer electronics like smartphones; solar panels,...

Microchips, also known as integrated circuits (ICs), are the essence of technology. A microchip is a small, flat piece of semiconductor...

Aluminum is lightweight, strong and resistant to corrosion. The most abundant metal in the Earth's crust, it's used in spacecraft,...

The Indus River Valley Civilization emerges around 3300 BCE in what is now Pakistan and northwest India. From advanced urban planning to...

Multi-layer insulation (MLI) creates the shiny crinkled gold and silver foil look on spacecraft and space equipment. MLI helps protect...

Electric vehicles are alternative transport to conventional gas-powered cars. Here's an overview of how they're made and operated, from...

Lubrication is integral to keep mechanical parts moving smoothly. Robot lube increases performance and lifespan. From mineral oils to...