Space weather includes solar flares, geomagnetic storms and cosmic rays from the Sun. It interacts with the electromagnetic field and...

Electric fields surround charged particles, creating an attraction or repulsion. Opposites attract, and objects with the same type of...

Electricity is a natural physical phenomenon, relating to the existence and movement of matter with an electric charge. Electricity works...

Plants are dynamic participants in their environments. They sense and respond to stimuli like light, using specialized photoreceptors to...

NOx are nitrogen compounds, mainly nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2). These gases create serious environmental problems,...

Ozone manifests as pale blue gas. The ozone layer, a concentrated region in the stratosphere, protects Earth from damage by UV rays....

The heliosphere protects the solar system from cosmic radiation. The vast, bubble-like region is dominated by the activity of the Sun,...

The solar wind is a continuous stream of charged particles emitted by the sun. This supersonic outflow of protons and electrons permeates...

Rocks hold within them hidden forces. While not all rocks are obviously magnetic, most carry a subtle magnetic field. It comes from their...

Gravity influences ocean tides and shapes the weather patterns. It attracts objects toward one another, causing swollen seas, cloud...

Gravity is the invisible force defining the paths of celestial bodies and spacecraft. It affects the way planets orbit and space...

Space aerosols are natural particles active in the atmosphere of Earth. They affect weather patterns, health and ecological balance. Some...

Earth's atmosphere is made of layers, each with certain characteristics and functions. From weather at ground level to the expanse of...

Radio waves are part of the electromagnetic spectrum, created when electric charges move. Waves travel through space at the speed of...

Wildfires rage through forest, savannah and even urban regions. Frequency and intensity of wildfires increase dramatically as they're fed...

Clean water is a life need. Water pollution is a growing concern. Chemicals, microplastics, sewage, industrial waste and agricultural...

Extreme heat devastates health and infrastructure. Across the globe, regions already endure scorching temperatures. In extreme heat, r...

Extreme heat is a pressing reality for many parts of the world. Hazardous temperatures bring exhaustion, breathing problems, heatstroke,...

Anu (c. 4000 - 500 BCE) King of the Gods is the oldest known god on record. An ancient creator deity, he descends from the embodiment of...