NOx are nitrogen compounds, mainly nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2). These gases create serious environmental problems,...

Ozone manifests as pale blue gas. The ozone layer, a concentrated region in the stratosphere, protects Earth from damage by UV rays....

Ethanol, also known as ethyl alcohol , is a clear, flammable liquid with a wine-like odor. It's produced by microbial fermentation of...

Phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) transform inorganic phosphorus from insoluble compounds into forms plants can easily absorb. PSB...

Experiments on the International Space Station (ISS) achieve success when astronauts cultivate and eat lettuce in space. With...

Morning glories are easy to grow and fairly low-maintenance. In balcony gardens they need a lot of water and at least a bucket-sized...

The secrets of life are in the double helix. DNA region manipulation modifies entire segments of DNA including multiple genes and...

Genetic engineering, manipulation or modification (GM) makes direct changes to DNA, influencing the characteristics of organisms. It's...

Slime molds dwell in dark, damp environments of decaying matter, like forest floors or compost heaps. They morph between fungi and...

Heat is neutral. It can nurture or kill. With rising temperatures, many world regions already reach lethal levels. Extreme heat is...

Wind turbines use renewable energy, the power of the wind. They transform wind force into electricity. The process is built upon...

Iraq is the place civilization begins. Ancient Mesopotamia emerges in the fertile crescent of the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers. Today a...

Cassava ( Manihot esculenta ), also called manioc or yuca, is a woody shrub native to South America. This root vegetable has significant...

Caffeine is the world's most widely consumed psychoactive drug. Many rely on its stimulating effects. Caffeine occurs naturally in over...

The Four Holy Beasts (四聖獸), Dragon, Phoenix, Tortoise, and Unicorn, are integral to Taiwanese culture. Each beast represents unique...

Black tapioca is the sweet ingredient of bubble tea or boba, a popular drink originating in Taiwan. Tapioca is from cassava root, a...

Pakistan is one of the world’s oldest civilizations and a modern nuclear power rising in the world space race. Pakistan's history is...

The Indus River Valley Civilization emerges around 3300 BCE in what is now Pakistan and northwest India. From advanced urban planning to...

Fossil fuels, including oil, natural gas and coal, are formed by the buried remains of ancient organisms, under heat and pressure. Fossil...

The Yellow River is known as the cradle of Chinese civilization. The ancient cultures, tradition and innovation gives a captivating look...