Carbon dioxide (CO2) is a colorless, odorless gas essential for life on Earth. CO2 is both a natural component of the atmosphere and a...

Tardigrades are micro-animals also called water bears or moss piglets, often found in water drops on moss. Known for resilience, they can...

Bacteria are among the most diverse organisms on Earth. They're found in extreme conditions like high acidity, toxic waste and scorching...

Bacteria are highly adaptable and many survive in extreme conditions, like high acidity. Some can function in anaerobic habitats....

Citric acid is found naturally in citrus fruits and generated by all living cells. It's used in cuisine, medicine, science and industry....

Cellular respiration enables living organisms to turn food into energy. It revolves around the Krebs cycle, also known as the citric acid...

Carrots are root vegetables with bright pigments and sweet flavors. Their roots are storage vessels for starch and sugar and peek from...

Photosynthesis enables plants to convert sunlight into energy in the form of glucose molecules to support plants and life on Earth....

Root vegetables like carrots, beets or tuberous sweet potatoes are energy reservoirs. The plants store their power underground, packed...

Oxygen makes up 21% of the atmosphere. In the vacuum of space there is no atmosphere. Oxygen is created by electrolysis of water, solid...

Metalloproteins are biomolecules containing metal ions. From transporting oxygen and cell signals to catalyzing chemical reactions,...

Vermicomposting turns organic waste into nutrient rich compost using the natural inclinations of worms like nightcrawlers and red...

Compost for the garden can benefit from the hidden nutrition of old or flat beer. Leftover brew contains vitamins and minerals to nourish...

Salamanders can regenerate lost body parts like limbs, tail, eyes, heart and brain. Unlike humans, who can heal only minor wounds,...

Compost is a complex network of life, such as insects and generations of unseen microorganisms. In this earthy metropolis they busily...

Earthworms are movers and shakers of ecosystems. They're essential for the health and fertility of soil. They provide nutrients to plants...

Irrigation creates rich agricultural lands from dry barren earth. For thousands of years, people invent and refine ways to move water to...

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have been used in fermentation and food processing for thousands of years. The two forms of LAB fermentation,...

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have different ways of metabolizing nutrients depending on species. Homo-fermentation produces lactic acid,...

Candida yeasts are prevalent in nature, environment, food, fermentation and human health. Over 200 Candida species are identified, most...