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Earthworms: Soil Health & Ecosystem Balance
Earthworms are movers and shakers of ecosystems. They're essential for the health and fertility of soil. They provide nutrients to plants...

Sylvia Rose
Feb 243 min read
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Homo-Fermentation in Lactic Acid Bacteria
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have been used in fermentation and food processing for thousands of years. The two forms of LAB fermentation,...

Sylvia Rose
Feb 234 min read
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Hetero-Fermentation in Lactic Acid Bacteria
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have different ways of metabolizing nutrients depending on species. Homo-fermentation produces lactic acid,...

Sylvia Rose
Feb 232 min read
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Candida Species: the Good Yeasts
Candida yeasts are prevalent in nature, environment, food, fermentation and human health. Over 200 Candida species are identified, most...

Sylvia Rose
Feb 233 min read
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Salmonella Bacteria: Science & Health
Salmonella is an opportunistic bacterium. Known for its effects on health, it can cause serious foodborne illnesses. All Salmonella...

Sylvia Rose
Feb 234 min read
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Soy Sauce: A Cultural Culinary Odyssey
Soy sauce has a rich umami taste and complex traditional production process taking time and skill. Originating in Asian cuisine, it's a...

Sylvia Rose
Feb 225 min read
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Nucleic Acids: Nature, Environment & Health
Nucleic acids include DNA and RNA. They store, transmit and express genetic information in all living organisms. They define human...

Sylvia Rose
Feb 223 min read
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Compost Heat: Microbes & Decomposition
Compost is created by billions of microbes in a natural exothermic process of biological oxidation, generating heat to make rich soil...

Sylvia Rose
Feb 213 min read
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Compost: Heart of Sustainable Gardening
Compost is the heart of sustainable gardening. Composting turns scraps into nutritious soil, with help from microbes and other organisms....

Sylvia Rose
Feb 214 min read
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How to Make a Sourdough Starter
A sourdough starter is a living mixture of microbes, flour and water giving sourdough its unique flavor and texture. Often called the...

Sylvia Rose
Feb 204 min read
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Kazachstania humilis: Friendly Artisan Yeast
Kazachstania humilis ( Candida milleri , Candida humilis ), is familiar in sourdough and other fermentation. Favored by artisan...

Sylvia Rose
Feb 203 min read
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Kahm Yeast: the Wild Ones
Kahm yeast is familiar in fermentation. A collective of wild yeasts including Pichia, Kazachstania and Candida spp , it's the...

Sylvia Rose
Feb 205 min read
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Vibrio Cholerae: the Cholera Bacteria
Vibrio cholerae is the bacterium responsible for cholera, one of history's most destructive diseases. Cholera is an infection of the...

Sylvia Rose
Feb 194 min read
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Bacterial Communication: Autoinducers
Bacteria communicate using autoinducers, or signals. Autoinducers help bacteria coordinate their actions. In quorum sensing they inspire...

Sylvia Rose
Feb 194 min read
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Quorum Sensing: Microbial Coordination
Quorum sensing enables microorganisms to communicate effectively. This coordinates behavior among bacterial communities. In quorum...

Sylvia Rose
Feb 193 min read
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Fruit Breakdown: Decomposition of an Apple
Apples ripen and fall to undergo earthly decomposition. Transformation from a crisp fruit to disappearance in the soil ecosystem is a...

Sylvia Rose
Feb 196 min read
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Hormones in Microbes, Plants & Animals
Hormones, a term derived from the Greek word hormao meaning to excite or arouse, are signaling molecules sent by cells to influence...

Sylvia Rose
Feb 184 min read
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Pheromones in Microbes, Plants & Animals
Pheromones are communication tools. Chemical substances released by an organism into the environment trigger responses to relay...

Sylvia Rose
Feb 184 min read
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Cell Communication in Living Organisms
Cellular communication is a complex signaling system of living organisms from single-celled fungi to massive bodies. Cells use signals to...

Sylvia Rose
Feb 184 min read
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Difference Between Oxidation & Fermentation
Oxidation and fermentation both are used by organisms to extract energy from molecules. These operate in distinct ways and under...

Sylvia Rose
Feb 174 min read
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