Kahm yeast is familiar in fermentation. A collective of wild yeasts including Pichia, Kazachstania and Candida spp , it's the...

Apples turn brown when exposed to air. This phenomenon is enzymatic browning, a chemical reaction not limited to apples, but prevalent in...

Oxidation and fermentation both are used by organisms to extract energy from molecules. These operate in distinct ways and under...

Black tea is made from the leaves of the Camellia sinensis  plant. As it undergoes full oxidation, it takes on a dark hue and a strong...

Polyphenols in plants are protectors, beautifiers and communicators. With diverse structures and functions these phytochemical compounds...

Phytochemicals are chemical compounds created by plants. They can enhance a plant's color, flavor, and aroma and provide defense systems...

Wine making starts with selecting the ripest grapes and follows through various stages of fermentation, aging and bottling. Here's an...

Fructose is a simple sugar, a member of the carbohydrate family. It's found especially in fruits and honey. Fructose is known for...

The Crabtree effect causes yeasts like Saccharomyces cerevisiae to produce alcohol in an oxygenated habitat under osmotic pressures from...

Sucrose, commonly known as table sugar, is a disaccharide or double sugar of glucose and fructose. Most sucrose eaten by humans comes...

Algae are a diverse range of species, from microscopic phytoplankton to massive kelp forests. Their variety comes from lack of a common...

Yeast is a single-celled organism, multiplying rapidly in the presence of sugar. Its products differ in aerobic and anaerobic conditions....

Fermentation is a vital step in brewing, transforming sweet wort into beer. While the initial stages of malting, mashing and making the...

Fermentation is a natural process for generating energy in anaerobic environments. Microorganisms like yeast and lactic acid bacteria...

Streptococcus is among the lactic acid bacteria (LAB), who include genera such as Lactobacillus . Besides LAB many species of...

Phytoplankton are microscopic plants of the waters. Phytoplankton support marine life, influence climate and health. A diverse group of...

Fatty acids are compounds with strong functions in biological processes of the human body. Found in plants, microbes to the largest...

Acidosis is a medical condition characterized by increased acidity in body fluids like mucus, sweat, tears and urine and sometimes blood....

D-Galactose and L-Galactose are forms of the simple sugar galactose . They have the same molecular formula but differ in structure and...

Lactic acidosis is caused by the way bodies manage metabolism. A progressive medical condition, lactic acidosis is characterized by...