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Pheromones in Microbes, Plants & Animals
Pheromones are communication tools. Chemical substances released by an organism into the environment trigger responses to relay...
Sylvia Rose
Feb 184 min read
10 views


Cell Communication in Living Organisms
Cellular communication is a complex signaling system of living organisms from single-celled fungi to massive bodies. Cells use signals to...
Sylvia Rose
Feb 184 min read
15 views


Why Apples Turn Brown: Science & Nature
Apples turn brown when exposed to air. This phenomenon is enzymatic browning, a chemical reaction not limited to apples, but prevalent in...
Sylvia Rose
Feb 174 min read
17 views


Difference Between Oxidation & Fermentation
Oxidation and fermentation both are used by organisms to extract energy from molecules. These operate in distinct ways and under...
Sylvia Rose
Feb 174 min read
13 views


Black Tea (Camellia sinensis): Harvest to Cup
Black tea is made from the leaves of the Camellia sinensis plant. As it undergoes full oxidation, it takes on a dark hue and a strong...
Sylvia Rose
Feb 174 min read
19 views


Polyphenols: Plants & the Environment
Polyphenols in plants are protectors, beautifiers and communicators. With diverse structures and functions these phytochemical compounds...
Sylvia Rose
Feb 174 min read
17 views


Phytochemicals: Natural Chemicals of Plants
Phytochemicals are chemical compounds created by plants. They can enhance a plant's color, flavor, and aroma and provide defense systems...
Sylvia Rose
Feb 175 min read
19 views


Wine Making Process: Grape to Glass
Wine making starts with selecting the ripest grapes and follows through various stages of fermentation, aging and bottling. Here's an...
Sylvia Rose
Feb 165 min read
12 views


Fructose (Fruit Sugar): Sweetest Saccharide
Fructose is a simple sugar, a member of the carbohydrate family. It's found especially in fruits and honey. Fructose is known for...
Sylvia Rose
Feb 164 min read
14 views


Yeast & Fermentation: the Crabtree Effect
The Crabtree effect causes yeasts like Saccharomyces cerevisiae to produce alcohol in an oxygenated habitat under osmotic pressures from...
Sylvia Rose
Feb 163 min read
8 views


Microbe Glue (EPS) in Biofilm Formation
Biofilms are prosperous microbial communities, complex networks of microorganisms including bacteria, fungi and algae. Their secretions,...
Sylvia Rose
Feb 165 min read
16 views


Sucrose: Double Sugar of Science & Cuisine
Sucrose, commonly known as table sugar, is a disaccharide or double sugar of glucose and fructose. Most sucrose eaten by humans comes...
Sylvia Rose
Feb 165 min read
14 views


Algae: Evolution, Science & Environment
Algae are a diverse range of species, from microscopic phytoplankton to massive kelp forests. Their variety comes from lack of a common...
Sylvia Rose
Feb 164 min read
23 views


Yeast, Humans & Aerobic Respiration of Cells
Yeast is a single-celled organism, multiplying rapidly in the presence of sugar. Its products differ in aerobic and anaerobic conditions....
Sylvia Rose
Feb 154 min read
10 views


Yeast Fermentation: Beer Brewing Process
Fermentation is a vital step in brewing, transforming sweet wort into beer. While the initial stages of malting, mashing and making the...
Sylvia Rose
Feb 155 min read
5 views


Fermentation Energy: Yeast & Lactic Acid Bacteria
Fermentation is a natural process for generating energy in anaerobic environments. Microorganisms like yeast and lactic acid bacteria...
Sylvia Rose
Feb 142 min read
11 views


Cyanobacteria: Nutrients & Bacterial Blooms
Cyanobacteria, also called blue-green algae, are historically entwined with the evolution of Earth. They convert sunlight, water, and...
Sylvia Rose
Feb 143 min read
15 views


Phytoplankton: Environment & Human Health
Phytoplankton are microscopic plants of the waters. Phytoplankton support marine life, influence climate and health. A diverse group of...
Sylvia Rose
Feb 143 min read
25 views


Long & Short-Chain Fatty Acids: the Human Environment
Fatty acids are components of fats, with significant effects on environment and humans. Long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) and short-chain...
Sylvia Rose
Feb 143 min read
3 views


Long-Chain Fatty Acids: Humans & Environment
Long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) are nutritional components of human and environmental health. From supporting brain function to regulating...
Sylvia Rose
Feb 143 min read
6 views
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