Acetate is a short chain fatty acid produced by microbes. In natural processes and biological functions, acetate has many tasks in...

Mannose (D-mannose) is a monosaccharide or simple sugar with many functions in bodies and natural environment. It fortifies cell...

Proteins are macronutrients needed to build and repair tissues, produce enzymes and hormones, and support functions from brain health to...

Peptides are natural compounds used supplementally in medicine, skincare and fitness. Vital components of biological systems, peptides...

Carbon fixation optimizes the health of the environment. By transforming carbon dioxide into organic compounds, this process forms the...

Glucose is a carbohydrate, a simple sugar or monosaccharide. It fuels life and ecology. Made by plants, glucose empowers microorganisms...

The Maillard reaction is a process in browning and flavor enhancement for food such as chicken, steak, bread and roast marshmallows. As...

Escherichia coli or E. coli are a benefit in the microbial world. Many strains are good for human health and the natural environment....

Yeasts metabolize nutrients like nitrogen, biotin (vitamin H) and thiamin (B1) for optimal health in the competitive microworld. They're...

Candida albicans is a common yeast dwelling in humans and the natural environment. Usually unnoticed unless pathogenic, it's found in...

Sugars provide energy and influence bodily functions. They're essential to the growth of all living organisms. Simple carbohydrates,...

Resistant starch is a carbohydrate. It doesn't digest in the small intestine but ferments in the large to provide fibrous bulk and...

Saccharomyces cerevisiae , brewer's or baker's yeast, is undisputed Queen of yeasts. This immobile single-celled organism is popular in...

Amylase, lipase & protease are digestive enzymes essential to health. As biological catalysts they metabolize macronutrients into...

Pepsin is an enzyme important to digestion and health. It breaks down protein-rich foods for smooth function of the gastrointestinal (GI)...

Enzymes are biological catalysts in functions essential to life. They ensure smooth digestion, fuel cellular activities and help maintain...

Polymers are large molecules made of repeating units called monomers. They're integral to the structure of matter, and occur in synthetic...

Probiotics help maintain human health and support environmental balance. Seven major probiotics species benefit human physical and mental...

Cellulose is a polysaccharide or multi-sugar compound, one of the most abundant carbohydrates. Known for its flexible rigidity it...

Potassium an essential element with great influence in human health and the natural environment. Here are its scientific properties,...