Amylase, lipase & protease are digestive enzymes essential to health. As biological catalysts they metabolize macronutrients into...

Enzymes are biological catalysts in functions essential to life. They ensure smooth digestion, fuel cellular activities and help maintain...

Lignin is a complex organic polymer essential for plant structure and strength, familiar in human natural health as fiber. This...

Fermenting cabbage to make sauerkraut is a cultural and culinary tradition. This tangy side dish und sausage topping has plenty of health...

Noble rot has tremendous impact in winemaking, especially of dessert wines. This dowdy fungus, Botrytis cinerea , is a phenomenon in...

Kombucha is a popular wellness elixir around the world. This sparkling beverage with ancient origins promises a range of health benefits....

Muscle spasms are involuntary, often painful contractions. They happen for many reasons including stress, body imbalance or dehydration....

Amino acids are organic compounds. They create long chains of proteins and have essential functions in many biological processes. Amino...

Rennet is a complex set of enzymes central to many cheeses. It coagulates milk to form curds.  The primary enzyme in rennet is chymosin...

Hanseniaspora is a genus of wild yeast, notable for flavors and nuances it brings to wine. Hanseniaspora yeast loves sugar-rich...

Terroir is created by unique environmental aspects. Often linked to wine, terroir also influences agricultural products such as cheese...

Fermentation in brewing transforms sugar into alcohol through the action of a vast colony of one-celled, immotile microbes. Top...

Pasteurization is a process of treatments designed to remove microbes from milk. Most microbes inhabiting raw milk are lactic acid...

Lactic acid (C3H6O3) is an organic acid familiar to humans in food and health. Lactic acid is ten times more acidic than the acetic acid...

Lactobacillus is a genus of bacteria significant in food fermentation and human health. Members of the beneficial lactic acid bacteria...

Making apple cider vinegar at home allows control over the ingredients. This is essential for artisan vinegars, which can range from tart...

Vinegar is a dynamic culinary ingredient with a rich history and unique flavors. Created through fermentation of ethanol, including...

Coffee lovers welcome the smooth, rich aroma of the morning brew. The journey from coffee tree to flavorful cuppa Joe is a captivating...

Chocolate is one of the world's most beloved indulgences. The journey from cacao bean to chocolate bar is a series of artful processes,...

Krausen is a joyful moment in brewing and fermenting. When krausen appears, fermentation is under way. When it falls, fermentation is...