Lactase is an enzyme essential in digesting lactose , or milk sugar. A disaccharide, lactose breaks down as simple sugars glucose and...

Galactose is a simple sugar or monosaccharide. It's related to glucose, with both sugars produced through the same process. Galactose is...

Lignin is a complex organic polymer essential for plant structure and strength, familiar in human natural health as fiber. This...

Polymers are large molecules made of repeating units called monomers. They're integral to the structure of matter, and occur in synthetic...

Fermentation brings layers of flavor and a range of health benefits. Green beans are nutritious, but nourishing factors can be inhibited...

Fermenting cabbage to make sauerkraut is a cultural and culinary tradition. This tangy side dish und sausage topping has plenty of health...

Cellulose is a polysaccharide or multi-sugar compound, one of the most abundant carbohydrates. Known for its flexible rigidity it...

Phytic acid supports plant health and environmental sustainability. This multi-dimensional compound is vital to nature. Besides...

Lectins and phytates are compounds essential for plant health. In small amounts they benefit humans. Lectins protect plants, often with...

Potassium an essential element with great influence in human health and the natural environment. Here are its scientific properties,...

Electrolytes are essential minerals that carry electric charges. Dysfunction can make them fire off in unwanted ways. Integral for...

Noble rot has tremendous impact in winemaking, especially of dessert wines. This dowdy fungus, Botrytis cinerea , is a phenomenon in...

The Symbiotic Culture of Bacteria and Yeast, or SCOBY, and Mother of Vinegar ( Mycoderma aceti ) both create delicious unique fermented...

Magnesium is an element and electrolyte crucial to life on Earth. As the fourth most abundant mineral in the human body, magnesium is...

Electrolytes are vital minerals like potassium and magnesium. Function or dysfunction of electrolytes affects health of humans and...

Tannins are phenol compounds found in a variety of plants. Their survival strategies in nature produce benefits in wine, food, health...

Esters and phenols are compounds creating flavors, colors and aromas for sensory experience. Artisans in brewing, perfumery or food must...

Flavonoids are plant compounds created to facilitate life of the plant. They produce vibrant colors, scents and flavors to attract...

Flavonoids are natural compounds with color enhancement properties, a plant protection arsenal and health benefits to humans. A large...

Phenols have both harmful and beneficial effects on human health and the natural environment. In nature they have varied purposes, like...