The Indus River Valley Civilization emerges around 3300 BCE in what is now Pakistan and northwest India. From advanced urban planning to...

Mendes is an important city of ancient Egypt, in the Nile Delta. The bolus of Mendes or Mendesian bole refers to a medical preparation...

The Great Library of Alexandria on the balmy shores of the Mediterranean and the Nile delta is a center of intellectual activity by c....

Yumuktepe (Yümüktepe Höyük) is a Neolithic mound site active from c. 6300 BCE to Byzantine times. On the turquoise Turkish Mediterranean,...

The Cucuteni-Trypillia culture is a Neolithic and Copper Age archaeological group (c. 5500 - 2750 BCE) of SE Europe. From the Carpathians...

Solnitsata is the oldest known town in Europe, dating to the Chalcolithic Age in the 5th millennium BCE. A major center of the Neolithic...

Ugarit is an ancient coastal city-state of northern Syria. In the amiable climate of the East Mediterranean, Bronze Age Ugarit grows a...

Enkomi is among the most important settlements of middle Bronze Age Cyprus. Originally it's situated on the east coast as a prime...

Oxhide (ox hide, ox-hide) ingots are popular trade goods during the Bonze Age. An ingot is a piece of metal or other material such as...

Bronze Age burial ruins from the Urnfield Culture are found at Marburg Botanical Garden in Hesse and Franzhausen-Kokoron, Austria. The...

Red ocher is among the first colors appearing on the palette of early humans, along with white and red. Black, white and red are also...

The Uluburun shipwreck is among the amazing discoveries from the Bronze Age. Near Uluburun (Grand Cape) in Mediterranean Anatolia...

Nabu is the inventor of writing in Mesopotamian mythology. Patron of scribes, wisdom and literacy, the God Nabu goes back to Sumer in 3rd...

Nefertum (Nefertem) is a creature of eternal beauty. At the time of Creation he rises from the waters as a blue lotus flower, which is...

Anu (c. 4000 - 500 BCE) King of the Gods is the oldest known god on record. An ancient creator deity, he descends from the embodiment of...

In the mid Bronze Age the Minoan Greeks come under fire in more ways than one. A series of volcanic eruptions by the Cyclades island of...

The Yamnaya or Yamna people occupy the Ponti-Caspian Steppe about 3300 BCE, with a tribal origin going back to Neolithic times. In the...

In the European Bronze Age, the North is a wild place, populated by nomadic tribes, great bears and howling spirits on endless nights....

Ziggurats are temple icons of ancient Mesopotamian architecture, usually constructed of baked clay brick. The ziggurat may be built over...

The stone walls of Uruk surround a vibrant city in ancient Mesopotamia. Uruk is the first definitive urban center. Uruk is believed...