Music in ancient Mesopotamia is important to religious rites and secular entertainments. In religion, the goddess Ninigizibara relates to...

Ningizibara (Igizibara, Ningizippara) is a Mesopotamian goddess associated with the balaĝ musical instrument. She can manifest as the...

Dreaming is an important part of ancient Egyptian spirituality. Dreams and dream interpretation play a role in almost all cultures. In...

From personal hygiene to embalming the dead, ancient Egypt has many uses for natron. It's a naturally forming desert salt easy to harvest...

Mamu (Mamud) is a goddess of dreams in ancient Mesopotamia. Daughter of dawn goddess Aya and sun god Shamash (Utu), she may be called the...

Earliest evidence of butter dates back to c. 8000 BCE. The first butter comes from the milk of cattle, sheep, goats and yaks. The ancient...

In the early centuries CE the Imperial Romans occupy almost every part of Europe except Germania, though they keep trying. They also...

Sun worship is a prehistoric nature religion. An organized cult and mythology appear in Egypt c. 1400 BCE. Worship of the Sun as a...

Gods worshipped by prehistoric and Bronze Age cultures are found in Proto-Indo-European Sun Goddess *Seh₂ul and Moon God *Meh₁not. They...

Linen from the flax plant is the most popular textile in ancient Egypt, used in everyday clothing, bedding and funerary shrouds. Hemp is...

Aruna is the God of the Sea worshiped by the Hittites (c. 1600 - 1187 BCE). At their greatest range under King Šuppiluliuma I, the...

Isuwa is a Bronze Age Hittite kingdom founded by the Hurrians. Also called Išuwa or Ishuwa, it's one of the many states or kingdoms...

Hayasa-Azzi is a confederation of states in Bronze Age Anatolia from the Pontic regions at the Black Sea to the Armenian highlands....

Purulli is a spring festival acquired by the Hittites from the Hatti, previous occupants of the Anatolian lands. It also celebrates the...

Nerik is one of the northernmost cities established by the Bronze Age Hittites in Anatolia (Turkey). Surrounded by unforgiving landscapes...

Pala is a Bronze Age culture, located in northern Anatolia (Turkey) near the mountainous regions by the Black Sea. In the eastern...

Pirwa is a horse deity of the Hittites and Luwians in ancient Anatolia (today's Turkey). He's also called Perwa or Peruwa. Considered a...

Ebony is a coveted item of trade for thousands of years, in the ancient world still in demand today. A solid black hardwood, ebony is...