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In the ancient Greek view, creation of astrology is attributed to the legendary sage Hermes Trismegistus. In Hellenic Greek times (323 BCE - 30 BCE), Hermes composes several important texts. The writings inspire the development of astrology from Babylon and Egypt. READ: World of Alchemy: Spiritual Alchemy Alexandria: Jewel of Ancient History Egyptian Alchemy - Power of Eternity How to Make Asem: Essential Alchemy Sylvia Rose Books Initially, astronomy monitors the seasons and identifies important times of year. Astrology focuses on deciphering motions of celestial objects and associating them with different facets of earthly existence. Many acknowledge Hermes as first to define the astrological houses and their significance, suggesting the houses originate at the inception of the Hellenic astrological tradition. The houses are key distinguishing features from Babylonian and other astrological practices. Hermes Trismegistus: Alchemy & the Occult Tria Prima of Paracelsus: Three Primes Alchemy: Red King & White Queen Sylvia Rose Books Subsequently, the system of astrology is relayed to another mythical figure, the medicine god Asclepius, to whom many Hermetic writings are dedicated. Knowledge is later transmitted to an Egyptian pharaoh named Nechepso and his priest Petosiris. READ: World of Alchemy: A Little History They are believed author essential textbooks explaining the system, as primary sources for many later Hellenic astrologers. This system broadens the path for all subsequent forms of horoscopic astrology. Zodiac Alchemy - Metals & Planets Xanthosis, the Yellowing: Spiritual Alchemy Fortune Telling - The Mystic Victorian Sylvia Rose Books In 525 BCE Egypt is occupied by the Persians. Mesopotamia has strong influence on Egyptian astrology. Mesopotamian input includes the Balance and the Scorpion signs. These are seen in the Dendera Zodiac. In Greek versions, the Balance is known as the Scorpion's Claws. After occupation by Alexander the Great in 332 BCE, Egypt is under Greek rule. The city of Alexandria is was founded by Alexander after the conquest. During the 3rd and 2nd centuries BCE, the Great Library of Alexandria attracts scholars from near and far. Alchemists of Ancient Alexandria Mad Hatter's Disease: Mercury Madness The Great Library of Alexandria Sylvia Rose Books They come seeking wisdom and inspiration in philosophy, theology, medicine, literature and natural history. Plato studies in Egypt for 13 years. Pythagoras studies medicine, philosophy and geometry for 22 years. Hippocrates studies medicine in Egypt for 7 years. In Alexandrian Egypt, Babylonian astrology mixes with Egyptian Decanic astrology. The oldest known Egyptian Zodiac, the Dendera Zodiac originates from the 1st century BCE to create Horoscopic astrology. Sublime Vision of Hermes Trismegistus Cleopatra the Alchemist of Alexandria Zosimos: First Golden Age of Alchemy Sylvia Rose Books A decan is the subdivision of a sign. To give fuller interpretation to the zodiac signs, ancient astrologers subdivide each sign into periods of about ten days. Texts from 2nd century BCE list predictions of planetary positions in zodiac signs when of the certain decans rise. Ancient texts cover Babylonian zodiac, planetary exaltations, sign triplicities and significance of eclipses. Astrology integrates Egyptian division of the zodiac into 36 decans of ten degrees each. This identifies ascending decan, Greek planetary deities, signs and the four elements. Amazons - Warrior Women History & Myth Sinope: Poison, Honey, Greeks & Clay Chamois - Alpine Wild Nature & Lore Sylvia Rose Books The decans measure time according to constellations. They're led by the constellation Sothis or Sirius the Dog Star in Canis major, the Great Dog constellation. Sirius is an exalted star, due to its brightness in the night sky and its portent of fertility, heralding the floods of the Nile. The risings of the decans in the night divide the night into 'hours'. The rising of a constellation just before sunrise (its heliacal rising) is considered the last hour of the night. Over the course of the year, each constellation rises just before sunrise for ten days. Humbaba: Giant Mountain Forest Man Joyful Arrival of Hapi in Egypt Heqet, Frog Goddess of Egypt Sylvia Rose Books When they became part of the astrology of the Hellenic Age, each decan is associated with ten degrees of the zodiac. Texts from 2nd century BCE list predictions relating to the positions of planets in zodiac signs at the time of the rising of certain decans, particularly Sothis. One of the key figures in the advancement of horoscopic astrology is Ptolemy, astrologer and astronomer in Alexandria, Egypt. The renowned work of Claudius Ptolemy (c. 100 - 170 AD) the Tetrabiblos , establishes the foundation of Western astrological practices. Alchemists of Ancient Alexandria Rudolf II: Alchemy, Occult & Erotica Writing in Letters of Gold: Ancient Alchemy Sylvia Rose Books The Greek encounter with cultures and cosmological beliefs of Syria, Babylon, Persia, and central Asia during Alexander the Great's Asian conquest is a pivotal time in history. The Greeks learn new perspectives and astrological evolution continues. The dominance of Greek language for intellectual exchanges marked a shift from cuneiform script. It facilitates transmission of knowledge, especially in the realm of astrology. Soul Perspectives: Pythagoras, Socrates, Plato Allegory of the Cave: Vision and Truth Pure Form, Archetypes & Alchemy Sylvia Rose Books As astrology of the East filters into Greek and Egyptian societies, it undergoes transformation and adaptation, various forms and approaches. By the 1st century BCE, two distinct types of astrology emerge. One is focused on interpretation of horoscopes to reveal insights into the past, present, and future. The other, known as theurgic or 'god-work,' emphasizes the spiritual journey of the soul towards the stars. Great Women of Renaissance Alchemy Catherine de' Medici & the Occult   Renaissance Apocalypse: End is Nigh Sylvia Rose Books These two branches of astrology, although not mutually exclusive, served different purposes. The first tries to provide knowledge and understanding of life's mysteries. The second is aimed at transformation and enlightenment through astrology as a way of connecting with the divine. Astrology is a significant aspect of ancient Roman society, having been introduced through Greek influence, as are many things Roman. The connection between Babylonia or Chaldea and astrology is deeply embedded in both Greek and Roman cultures. Women Scientists of the Ancient World Alchemy: Mercurius & the Dragon Alchemy: Rebis Divine Hermaphrodite Sylvia Rose Books "Chaldaean wisdom" is synonymous with divination based on celestial movements. The practice of astrology gains prominence in Imperial Rome, with even emperor Tiberius seeking advice from astrologers to foresee his fate. The influence of astrology is so profound many people don't begin their day without first consulting astrological calendars for guidance. Despite the popularity of astrology, there are contrasting views within Roman society. Alchemy Symbols: Tail of the Peacock Alchemy, Demons & the Roman Inquisition Hermeticism & Alchemy in Alexandria Sylvia Rose Books While some, like Tiberius, embrace astrological predictions, others, such as Claudius, favor augury and even prohibit Roman astrologers. "Chaldaean" gradually changes meaning to deception and manipulation, leading to skepticism towards astrological practices. One of the notable literary contributions to Roman astrology is the first-century AD poem Astronomica by Marcus Manilius. This work explores the intricacies of celestial movements and their influence on human destinies. Panacea: Goddess of Universal Health Edelweiss: Alpine Flower of True Love Nanaya - Goddess of Erotic Love Sylvia Rose Books In the 4th century, Firmicus Maternus states the practice of horoscopic astrology os originally introduced to an Egyptian pharaoh Nechepso and priest Petosiris. At that time the Hermetic texts are also compiled. Clement of Alexandria, who writes in the Roman era, highlights the importance of astrologers being familiar with these texts in his account of Egyptian sacred rituals: This is principally shown by their sacred ceremonial. For first advances the Singer, bearing some one of the symbols of music. For they say that he must learn two of the books of Hermes [Trismegistus], the one of which contains the hymns of the gods, the second the regulations for the king's life. Edward Kelley: Alchemy & the Angels Casting the Bones - Astragalomancy Book of the Heavenly Cow - Myths of Egypt Sylvia Rose Books And after the Singer advances the Astrologer, with a horologe in his hand, and a palm, the symbols of astrology. He must have the astrological books of Hermes, which are four in number, always in his mouth. The ancient Egyptian Hermetic texts focus on summoning spirits and animating statues. They influence the earliest Hellenic works on Greco-Babylonian astrology, and the emerging field of alchemy. Women of Alchemy: Anna Maria Zieglerin Rosicrucianism in the Renaissance Complexes: Psychology of the Psyche Concurrently, Hermetic philosophy provides a rationalized framework for religious rituals and a pathway for individuals to transcend their physical limitations. This philosophical tradition sometimes causes confusion with Gnosticism, which was also evolving during the same period. Sylvia Rose Books Non-Fiction Books: World of Alchemy: Spiritual Alchemy World of Alchemy: A Little History Fiction Books: READ: Cult of the Fire God - Bronze Age Quest Adventure READ: Lora Ley Adventures  - Germanic Mythology Fiction Series READ: Reiker For Hire  - Victorian Detective Murder Mysteries Back to Top

Numbers exude and attract vibrational energy. From the ancients to the modern world, numbers resonate with shades of meaning. This can be as rudimentary as a name power number or a complex system of interlocking links and nuances of personality. Magic Numbers: Roots of Numerology Sirius the Dog Star: Stellar Mythology Alchemy & Seven Hermetic Principles Sylvia Rose Books A person's name is used to calculate her power number in the A=1, B=2, C=3 sequence. See an example here . Numerology Number Meanings ONE People with Numerology Number 1 are strongly influenced by the Sun, a heavenly body symbolizing vitality, energy, and life force. This cosmic association grants a strong sense of personal power and determination to tackle challenges with confidence and resilience. Zodiac Alchemy - Metals & Planets Garnets - Gemstones of Blood and Life Hermeticism & Alchemy in Alexandria Sylvia Rose Books This number relates to zodiac sign Leo and the metal tin, which bears the sign of Jupiter ♃ in astrology and alchemy as well. Tin relates to brightness and purity. In a house or business number one can be unstable if at the end but a leader if at the beginning. TWO Numerology Number 2 is closely associated with the Moon, intuition and emotional sensitivity. Individuals governed by this number are known for a compassionate nature, and deep sense of empathy and understanding towards others. Albertus Magnus: Alchemy, Arsenic, Astrology Sulfur Mercury Principle of Alchemy Unity of Opposites: Spiritual Alchemy Sylvia Rose Books Two is a number of creativity and dreams. As a house number it's lucky especially if doubled (22). Silver is the metal associated with two, an introspective wealth-drawing energy. In metallurgy and alchemy the symbol for silver is a crescent moon. THREE Number 3 is governed by planet Jupiter, associated with wisdom, expansion, and spirituality. People with a connection to 3 are sincere and empathetic, with a deep understanding of spiritual realms. A positive outlook on life and inherent optimism make them inspirational. Victorian Trends: Sailor Suits to Taxidermy Quintessence: Elemental Life Force Rasayana: Alchemy & Health of India Sylvia Rose Books A number 3 person is well-balanced but may be edgy, pushing boundaries and taking risks. This individual needs room to explore and resents being confined spiritually or in relationships. In a house number or business three represents a strong underlying force. FOUR What can we say about four? It's lucky in the West and unlucky in the East. Four is the most stable of the numerical values in the West. Four tends to err on the side of caution. This person is a great planner and has an eye for hidden details but can be fussy when shopping. Alchemy: Processes Used by Alchemists Alchemy & Psychology: Hidden Meanings Unus Mundus One World: Psychology Sylvia Rose Books Four's the one who talks to the cops after a noise complaint. Rational, easy-going and honest, this person should not be underestimated. Four is a strategist with an arsenal of knowledge. In a house or business number it may be seen with shortcomings, but is strong in relationships. FIVE Numerology Number 5 is associated with the planet Mercury, communication, intelligence, and adaptability. People governed by this number are known for quick wit, curiosity, and a natural inclination towards exploration and variety. Spagyria: Botanical Science of Alchemy Golden Ages of Alchemy: Renaissance Archetypes: Psychology of the Shadow Sylvia Rose Books Number 5 people are versatile problem-solvers. Charismatic and expressive, they are adaptable but may struggle with restlessness and lack of focus. Five is an entrepreneur, lucky in a business or house number especially if one has an active lifestyle. SIX Six is a very lucky number especially in a home environment. Considered the Mother of the numbers, 6 is a unifying force in families and groups. With a trustworthy, sympathetic, gentle and loving nature, number 6 people can also be fiercely protective. Sylvia Rose Books Number 6 people are well-calibrated. They can appear laid back but put in the driver's seat they can take off with unprecedented speed. In a house number six is favorable. Superstition dictates triple six as a "devil's number" but it adds to 18 and breaks down to desirable 9. SEVEN If there's a general lucky number, this is it. Seven attracts money thus is favorable associated with business. Along with three, 7 is one of the magic numbers of witchcraft. Associated with creativity and intuition, it often corresponds to teachers and healers. Alchemy: Mercurius & the Dragon Alchemy: Red King & White Queen Women of Alchemy - Mary the Jewess Sylvia Rose Books Moodiness and anxiety issues might make up the challenging qualities of this number. In a house number seven is spiritual, harmonious and never boring, bringing a dynamic flow to work or play. Seven relates to nature magic and the color green. EIGHT Eight is a true power number, a symbol of strength, rewarding work and infinity. Eight relates to the planet Saturn and the metal lead, associated with transformation or metamorphosis. Eight is a goal-oriented person with a balanced concept of the physical and spiritual worlds. Pagan Solstice Fests: Saturnalia Gold - Precious Metal of the Sun Psychology: the Conscious Ego of Self Sylvia Rose Books For home or business, eight is a lucky number in China and also fortunate in the West. Whether in a relationship, business partnership, office number, or home address, eight brings out the best in people, situations and resources. In general terms, Eight is a good investment. NINE Nine is spiritual, transcendent and influential. People ruled by 9 are inventive and easily see the bigger picture. Nine is passionate and protective. It enhances beneficial energies. It can however work in the opposite way, and Nines are cautioned to use their powers for good. Prima Materia: Elements of Alchemy Hair Loss: 9 Natural Cures of Physician Dioscorides Panacea: Goddess of Universal Health Nines are creative. They can inspire others and work well in groups. However in spiritual exploration nine must be careful of addiction. Nine is associated with nature magic. A Nine person works well with groups of three. House and business numbers thrive with nines. Sylvia Rose Books Non-Fiction Books: World of Alchemy: Spiritual Alchemy World of Alchemy: A Little History Fiction Books: READ: Cult of the Fire God - Bronze Age Quest Adventure READ: Lora Ley Adventures  - Germanic Mythology Fiction Series READ: Reiker For Hire  - Victorian Detective Murder Mysteries Back to Top

Sirius, the brightest star in the sky, is a symbol of heat, fire, and fever. The appearance of Sirius heralds the hottest days of the year, when the sun's intensity is at its peak. In Egypt the Dog Star is associated with the fertile floods of the Nile . READ: World of Alchemy: Spiritual Alchemy Ancient Greek Astrology & Astronomy Alexandria: Jewel of Ancient History Egyptian Alchemy - Power of Eternity Sylvia Rose Books Greek astrologers and astronomers see Sirius as a celestial representation of dogs due to its position as the principal star in the Canis Major constellation. Sirius is often referred to as 'the Dog,' also meaning the entire constellation in the night sky. Sirius captivates the attention of many cultures throughout history. In ancient Greek mythology, Sirius is perceived as the faithful companion animal of the great hunter Orion. The Greeks associated Sirius, below and left of Orion, as his dog following him on his celestial hunts. Black Pigments of Ancient Artisans Joyful Arrival of Hapi in Egypt Heqet, Frog Goddess of Egypt Sylvia Rose Books This association as Orion's dog adds a layer of symbolism to fierce Sirius, making it an important part of the larger mythological narrative. This star has been of great significance in various cultures throughout history. READ: World of Alchemy: A Little History In ancient Egypt, Sirius is associated with the goddess Isis / Sopdet. It's a key element in the Egyptian calendar due to its heliacal rise coinciding with the much-anticipated annual flooding of the Nile. Canicula and Sothis (Sopdet) are alternative names for Sirius. Der Türst: Dread Huntsman & the Wild Hunt Great Bear - Nature, Spirituality & Lore Chamomile - Herbology & Folklore Sylvia Rose Books Egyptian Sopdet, called Sothis by the Greeks, is instrumental in ancient Egyptian mythology as the personification of the star Sirius. In Egyptian cosmology, Sopdet is revered not only as a celestial body but also as a goddess embodying duality, nature and the divine. Associated with fertility, the annual rising of ferocious Dog Star Sirius marks the start of the Nile flood, a crucial event for agriculture and sustenance. As Isis, Sopdet symbolizes magic, motherhood and protection. The Egyptian term for Sirius-Isis-Sopdet is Great Provider. Alchemy & New Thought in Ancient Alexandria Anima Mundi: Soul of the World Alchemy: Mercurius & the Dragon Sylvia Rose Books Her association with Anubis , the god of embalming and the afterlife, adds a funerary or chthonic aspect to her character. This merging of different divine attributes is part of the interconnection and fluidity of ancient Egyptian religion. Through worship of Sopdet, the Egyptians honor the star Sirius and celebrate the cyclical nature of life, death, and rebirth, echoing the eternal rhythms of the cosmos. Sopdet has diverse manifestations as a star, goddess, and symbol of renewal. Ptolemy: Earth, Almagest & Ancient Astronomy The Great Library of Alexandria Roger Bacon: Medieval Science & Alchemy Sylvia Rose Books Sirius has a significant place in ancient mythology and astronomy. It's closely associated with Maera, known in Ancient Greek as Μαῖρα, or 'sparkler'. In early times Maera is considered an alternate name for the dog star, Sirius. The mythological tale surrounding Maera adds depth to the celestial connection. According to the legend, Maera is the loyal hound of Icarius, an elderly Athenian who learns the art of winemaking from wine god Dionysus. Psychology: Understanding Archetypes Spagyria: Botanical Science of Alchemy Pope vs Alchemy 1317 AD: Falsification Sylvia Rose Books Tragedy strikes when Icarius shares the wine with his fellow Athenians, who've never been intoxicated. The wine puts them to sleep and on waking they think they were poisoned. They kill Icarius. His devoted daughter, Erigone, is led to his body by Maera. Overwhelmed with grief, Erigone hangs herself. Dionysus immortalizes the trio by placing them in the sky. Erigone is considered to be the archetype for Virgo the Maiden. Maera the loyal hound becomes the star Canicula, known by the Romans as Sirius. Women of Alchemy - Mary the Jewess Wolfsbane ( Aconitum ) Ancient Poisons Mercury: Miracle Metal of Madness The Dog is one of the symbols of Hermeticism, representing the Dog Str Sirius. Sylvia Rose Books Non-Fiction Books: World of Alchemy: Spiritual Alchemy World of Alchemy: A Little History Fiction Books: READ: Cult of the Fire God - Bronze Age Quest Adventure READ: Lora Ley Adventures  - Germanic Mythology Fiction Series READ: Reiker For Hire  - Victorian Detective Murder Mysteries Back to Top

Claudius Ptolemy ( c.  100 - 170 AD) is a Greco-Egyptian mathematician, astronomer, astrologer, geographer and music theorist in cosmopolitan Alexandria. Three pioneering writings appeal to later medieval and Renaissance thought. The first of these is the Almagest . READ: World of Alchemy: Spiritual Alchemy Ancient Astrology: New Perspectives Zosimos: First Golden Age of Alchemy Alexandria: Jewel of Ancient History Sylvia Rose Books Ptolemy's cosmos is geocentric, with sun, stars and planets revolving around the earth. The cosmology of the Syntaxis by Ptolemy includes five main points, each the topic of a chapter in Book I. They are: The celestial realm is spherical, and moves as a sphere The Earth is a sphere (this is accepted already by 5th century BCE) The Earth is at the center of the cosmos The Earth, in relation to the distance of the fixed stars, has no appreciable size and must be treated as a mathematical point The Earth does not move Zodiac & Rise of Horoscopic Astrology Writing in Letters of Gold: Ancient Alchemy Cleopatra the Physician of Greece Sylvia Rose Books In the nineteenth century (1851), scientists are amazed to find the Earth actually spins at 1000 mph (460 m/sec). It rotates around the sun at an orbital speed of 67,000 mph (107,000 km/h). READ: World of Alchemy: A Little History All things including air are held together by Earth's gravitational pull. The Earth rotates at a near-constant speed and makes no noticeable changes. Thus everything on Earth spins with it, and doesn't feel any motion. Astrology & Astronomy Ancient Origins Ancient Egypt Remedies: Ebers Papyrus Alchemy: Red King & White Queen Sylvia Rose Books The first writings make up Ptolemy's astronomical treatise the Almagest , originally entitled Mathematical Treatise (Greek: Mathēmatikḗ Syntaxis ). This work, composed in the 2nd century AD, complexifies the field of astronomy. It's fertile territory for scientific exploration. Ptolemy, a renowned Greco-Roman astronomer, geographer and mathematician, documents his observations and calculations in the Almagest . Thereby he provides a comprehensive account of the motion of celestial bodies as perceived from Earth. Baltic Amber - Gold of the North Great Women of Renaissance Alchemy Babylonian Astrology: Destiny in the Stars Sylvia Rose Books In the Almagest , Ptolemy introduces his geocentric model of the universe. Earth is at center of the cosmos. Sun, Moon, planets, and stars orbit around it in complex, interconnected paths. Although finally challenged by Copernicus, for over a millennium it's the dominant system. The influence of the Almagest brings its ideas to Medieval and Renaissance thought. In De Revolutionibus (1543) Nicolaus Copernicus, he puts forth his theory the Earth revolves around the sun. Though he writes it 1506 - 1530, he's afraid to publish until 1543, the year he dies. Obsidian: Ancient Volcanic Black Glass Salt Trade - the Most Precious Mineral Zodiac, Astrology & Jungian Psychology Sylvia Rose Books The Almagest  is considered a theoretical treatise and a practical guide for astronomers and navigators. Ptolemy's catalogs, astronomy charts and math methods help predict celestial events; determine positions at sea; and develop accurate calendars. The star catalogue of Ptolemy has long been a subject of intrigue for scholars and historians. Ptolemy's work is done in tabular format, showing the celestial coordinates of stars in what he referred to as "longitudes" and "latitudes." Medieval Astrology of Islam Celandine: Plant Toxins & Medicine Nāgārjuna: Buddhist Mystic & Alchemist Sylvia Rose Books This format provides a consistent framework for understanding the positions of stars in the night sky. Ptolemy's star catalogue stands is a great achievement in the realm of astronomy, showcasing his innovative approach in using an ecliptical or eclipse-based coordinate system. By anchoring his star catalogue to the path of the Sun along the ecliptic, Ptolemy can establish a coherent framework for understanding the positions and trajectories of celestial bodies. He develops a systematic method for cataloguing and predicting movements of stars. The Great Library of Alexandria Roger Bacon: Medieval Science & Alchemy Pope vs Alchemy 1317 AD: Falsification Sylvia Rose Books With this system, Ptolemy shows in-depth knowledge of the astronomy in his time. Hipparchus, another prominent ancient astronomer, also works on a celestial globe with ecliptic representation. His coordinates are based on the equatorial system. The equatorial coordinate system is a celestial coordinate system widely used to specify the positions of planets, stars, celestial objects and constellations. Zodiac Alchemy - Metals & Planets Glass & Arts of Ancient Glass Making Rasayana: Alchemy & Health of India Sylvia Rose Books The equatorial coordinate system, also known as the celestial coordinate system, plays a crucial role in astronomy and navigation, allowing astronomers and stargazers to precisely locate and track celestial objects in the night sky. This system is based on the Earth's equator and its extension into space, forming the celestial equator. By establishing a fundamental plane through the projection of Earth's equator onto the celestial sphere, the equatorial coordinate system provides a fixed reference point. Rudolf II: Alchemy, Occult & Erotica Alchemy & Astrology: Cosmic Connections Edward Kelley: Alchemy & the Angels Sylvia Rose Books One of the key features of the equatorial coordinate system is its origin, which is set at the Earth's center. This origin point serves as the starting point for measuring the right ascension and declination of stars, planets, and other celestial bodies. The right ascension is measured along the celestial equator and is equivalent to the longitude on Earth, while declination is measured perpendicular to the celestial equator, similar to latitude on Earth. Fortune Telling - The Mystic Victorian Michael Maier: Rosicrucians, Art & Alchemy Alchemists of Ancient Alexandria Sylvia Rose Books With a right-handed convention, the equatorial coordinate system follows a standard method for defining directions of cosmic objects. The main direction in this system points to the March equinox. As the Sun crosses the celestial equator, spring begins in the Northern Hemisphere. Whether expressed in spherical or rectangular coordinates, the equatorial coordinate system provides a universal framework. Astronomers and navigators can communicate and share precise celestial locations. Women of Alchemy - Mary the Jewess Wolfsbane ( Aconitum ) Ancient Poisons Mercury: Miracle Metal of Madness Sylvia Rose Books Its simplicity and accuracy make it an essential tool for anyone exploring the magic of the night sky. This distinction is found in the unique approach taken by Ptolemy in organizing his star catalogue, emphasizing his innovative contributions to the field of astronomy. The legacy of Ptolemy's star catalogue is further complicated by the integration of Hipparchus' original work into the Almagest star catalogue. Over 265 years, the Almagest undergoes significant revisions, incorporating and refining the astronomical data from earlier sources. Renaissance Apocalypse: End is Nigh Women of Alchemy: Anna Maria Zieglerin Soul Perspectives: Pythagoras, Socrates, Plato Despite these changes, the Almagest star catalogue remains a vital historical document, providing a comprehensive record of star positions and magnitudes that has endured through the centuries. Sylvia Rose Books Non-Fiction Books: World of Alchemy: Spiritual Alchemy World of Alchemy: A Little History Fiction Books: READ: Cult of the Fire God - Bronze Age Quest Adventure READ: Lora Ley Adventures  - Germanic Mythology Fiction Series READ: Reiker For Hire  - Victorian Detective Murder Mysteries Back to Top

Seven hermetic principles, or foundational modes of thought, are written in the 1908 Kybalion, a book of occult and philosophic works. The writings are ascribed to legendary Greco-Egyptian sage Hermes Trismegistus . Sulfur Mercury Principle of Alchemy Albertus Magnus: Alchemy, Arsenic, Astrology Ptolemy: Earth, Almagest & Ancient Astronomy Above pic from The Alchemy Website . Central to its teachings is the principle of philosophical mentalism. According to philosophical mentalism, the mind is the fundamental reality, shaping the perception of the esoteric and physical universe. This concept uncovers the power of creating one's own reality. Through the integration of polarities or opposites, alchemists take a holistic approach. Understanding the inherent duality in alchemy leads to profound understanding of the forces uniting the diversity of existence. Alkahest: Panacea & Solvent Alchemy Mercury: Miracle Metal of Madness Spagyria: Botanical Science of Alchemy The Seven Hermetic Principles: 1. The principle of mentalism "The All is Mind; the Universe is Mental." The statement encapsulates the essence of the ancient philosophical concept of idealism, which posits reality is fundamentally mental or immaterial in nature. The idea everything in existence is a product of the mind challenges traditional notions of materialism. The external world of perception reflects the internal mental processes. According to this view, thoughts, beliefs and perceptions play a crucial role in shaping reality and determining the nature of experience. Reality is a function of the mind. Ancient Astrology: New Perspectives Women Scientists of the Ancient World Seduction of Hedammu, Father of Snakes 2. The principle of correspondence "As above, so below; as below, so above.” [...] This principle embodies the truth that there is always a correspondence between the laws and phenomena of the various planes of bein g and life. "As above, so below" is a popular modern paraphrase of the second verse of the Emerald Tablet, a short Hermetic text which first appears in an Arabic source from the late eighth or early ninth century. Babylonian Astrology: Destiny in the Stars Jabir ibn Hayyan: Alchemy of Islam Roger Bacon: Medieval Science & Alchemy The paraphrase is based on one of several existing Latin translations of the Emerald Tablet , in which the second verse appears as follows: Latin: "Quod est superius est sicut quod inferius, et quod inferius est sicut quod est superius." "That which is above is like to that which is below, and that which is below is like to that which is above." Emerald Tablet - Sacred Alchemy Text Sulfur Mercury Principle of Alchemy Medieval Astrology of Islam 3. The principle of vibration "Nothing rests; everything moves; everything vibrates." Nothing is stagnant or inert. Every particle is in a perpetual state of motion, from subatomic particles to galaxies. This constant movement is both physical and metaphysical, describing the eternal ebb and flow of energy and consciousness throughout the cosmos. Vibration is the language of the universe. Everything in the universe resonates with its unique vibrational signature. Democritus - Atomic Theory 400 BCE Medici & Alchemy: Italian Renaissance Panacea: Goddess of Universal Health Sylvia Rose Books 4. The principle of polarity "Everything is dual; everything has poles; everything has its pair of opposites; like and unlike are the same; opposites are identical in nature, but different in degree; extremes meet; all truths are but half-truths; all paradoxes may be reconciled." Everything in existence possesses two opposing aspects. These dualities manifest in various ways, such as light and darkness, good and evil. Despite appearing contradictory, the opposites are connected, with each relying on the other for definition and meaning. Unity of Opposites: Spiritual Alchemy Alchemy: Rebis Divine Hermaphrodite Seven Metals of Antiquity - Metallurgy   Sylvia Rose Books Even seemingly disparate elements share common ground at their core. This connection extends to the idea of opposites, while distinct in their manifestations, sharing a fundamental unity in essence. 5. The principle of rhythm "Everything flows, out and in; everything has its tides; all things rise and fall; the pendulum-swing manifests in everything; the measure of the swing to the right is the measure of the swing to the left; rhythm compensates." Women of Alchemy - Mary the Jewess   Quest for Immortality - Qin Shi Huang Hermeticism & Alchemy in Alexandria Sylvia Rose Books The concept of rhythmic balance and harmony in the universe is found in various philosophies and belief systems. It suggests all aspects of existence are interconnected and subject to the ebb and flow of natural cycles. Rhythms manifest in the smallest particles to great galaxies. The pendulum-like motion of existence, swinging from one extreme to another, signifies a perpetual movement toward equilibrium. The constant flux between opposites - light and dark, joy and sorrow, growth and decay, is the interplay of forces seeking balance. Thoth - Ibis Scribe Moon God of Egypt Anima Animus Archetypes & Sexuality Song of the Loreley - Lethal Beauty Sylvia Rose Books 6. The principle of cause and effect "Every cause has its effect; every effect has its cause; everything happens according to law; chance is but a name for law not recognized; there are many planes of causation, but nothing escapes the law." This fundamental principle, or the Law of Cause and Effect, refers to the overall balance and order governing the cosmos. Every effect has its cause. Nothing occurs in isolation. Every outcome and its ripple effects can be traced back to originating factors. Rudolf II: Alchemy, Occult & Erotica Writing in Letters of Gold: Ancient Alchemy Glass & Arts of Ancient Glass Making Sylvia Rose Books It implies a structured and systematic framework within which events unfold, governed by immutable laws that transcend human perception. This principle suggests chance is but a name for a law not recognized. 7. The principle of gender "Gender is in everything; everything has its masculine and feminine principles; gender manifests on all planes." Gender is a fundamental concept permeating all aspects of existence. It goes beyond binary understanding of male and female, extending into the realms of energy, nature and even thought. Edward Kelley: Alchemy & the Angels Alchemy & New Thought in Ancient Alexandria Alchemy: Mercurius & the Dragon Sylvia Rose Books Everything possesses both masculine and feminine principles, suggesting a balance and interplay of opposing forces in the universe. This duality is not limited to physical manifestations but also extends to the metaphysical and spiritual planes. In nature, we see the interplay of masculine and feminine energies in the cycle of life and creation. The sun, with its fiery and active qualities, is often associated with the masculine principle, while the moon, with its nurturing and receptive nature, embodies the feminine. Anima Mundi: Soul of the World This balance is reflected in the changing seasons, the growth of plants, and the rhythms of the natural world. On a spiritual level, the concept of gender expands beyond physical attributes to encompass the cosmic forces of creation and destruction. Sylvia Rose Books Non-Fiction Books: World of Alchemy: A Little History World of Alchemy: Spiritual Alchemy Fiction Books: READ: Cult of the Fire God - Bronze Age Quest Adventure READ: Lora Ley Adventures  - Germanic Mythology Fiction Series READ: Reiker For Hire  - Victorian Detective Murder Mysteries Back to Top

Albertus Magnus ( c.  1200 - 1280) is a German Dominican friar, philosopher, scientist, and bishop, considered one of the greatest medieval philosophers and thinkers. Albert discovers arsenic, and writes commentaries on almost all the works of Aristotle. Aristotle: Intellect & Psyche the Soul Silver - Queen of Precious Metals Roger Bacon: Medieval Science & Alchemy Sylvia Rose Books Also known as Saint Albert the Great, Albert of Swabia or Albert of Cologne, Albert is a scientist, philosopher, astrologer, theologian, spiritual writer and diplomat. He forms the Dominican curriculum, including works of Aristotle and Neoplatonists such as Plotinus. The study of Aristotle (384 - 322 BCE) is central to the intellectual pursuits of Albertus Magnus. Intrigued by the insights of Aristotle, Albertus Magnus explores the works of Muslim scholars, focusing on the influential contributions of Avicenna and Averroes. Aether: Born of Darkness, God of Light Asclepius: Greek Medicine Snake God Elixir of Life: Alchemy & the Emperor Sylvia Rose Books The Muslim academics, with a rich philosophical tradition, provide Albert with fresh perspectives and knowledge. Through study and commentary, Albert contributes to broader dissemination and appreciation of Islamic philosophy in the West. After Albert's death, stories circulate relating him to alchemy and magic. This is partly due to later works like the Secreta Alberti and the Experimenta Alberti , wrongly attributed to him by the authors to enhance their credibility. Phosphorus: Element of Fatal Fascination Sulfur Mercury Principle of Alchemy Jabir ibn Hayyan: Alchemy of Islam Sylvia Rose Books Alchemy Many alchemical treatises are linked to Albert. His authentic writings avoid the subject of alchemy, mostly providing commentary on Aristotle. For instance, in his commentary De mineralibus , he mentions the occult power of stones without further elaboration. Alchemy works emerge after his death. They include Metals and Materials , Secrets of Chemistry , Origin of Metals , Origins of Compounds , and Concordance , observations on the Philosopher's Stone and other alchemy topics under the title Theatrum Chemicum . Myth & Metallurgy - Metals of Antiquity Alchemy: Science, Philosophy, Magic What is the Philosopher's Stone? Sylvia Rose Books In Mary Shelley's Frankenstein , the titular character, Victor Frankenstein, studies the works of Albertus Magnus. This exploration of Magnus' writings plays a significant role in shaping Frankenstein's own scientific pursuits and philosophical beliefs. Parallels appear between Magnus' pioneering ideas and Frankenstein's groundbreaking experiments. They highlight complexities of tradition and innovation, and the ethical dilemmas arising when humans tamper with the fundamental forces of nature. Castle Frankenstein - Legend & Lore Alchemist Dippel: the Frankenstein Files Egyptian Alchemy - Power of Eternity Sylvia Rose Books Arsenic Albert is credited with discovery of arsenic c. 1250 AD. Arsenic is a semi-metallic element occurring in nature, widely appearing in the Earth's crust. Its concentrations in the environment differ depending on location. It's present in water, air, and soil. Organic arsenic compounds, which contain carbon, represent one of the two main forms of arsenic, the other being inorganic. A small amount of arsenic exists in the human body and is essential for proper brain functions. Arsenic: Murderous Metal & Miracle Cure Zodiac & Rise of Horoscopic Astrology Egyptian Blue Lotus: Visionary Beauty Sylvia Rose Books Arsenic over-exposure during an extended period through drinking water and food can lead to cancer and skin lesions. It's linked to heart disease and diabetes. Exposure during pregnancy and early childhood has been connected to harmful effects on cognitive growth and higher mortality rates among infants and children. Arsenic is a favorite of poisoners. Due to its slow buildup in the body it's a worsening unknown sickness. Emerald Tablet - Sacred Alchemy Text Khet, the Body: Death Rites of Ancient Egypt Chinese Alchemical Elixir Poisoning Sylvia Rose Books The word arsenic originates in the Syriac word zarnika , from Arabic al-zarnīḵ 'the orpiment', based on Persian zar ("gold") from zarnikh , meaning "yellow" (literally "gold-colored") and hence "(yellow) orpiment". Orpiment is an ore of arsenic and a popular bright yellow painter's color desired especially during the Renaissance. Orpiment joins red lead, cyanide-based Prussian blue and the vermillion mercury ore cinnabar as a killer color. Orpiment - Painter's Golden Poison Lead White & Minium Red: Colors to Die For Prussian Blue - Delight of Artists & Poisoners Sylvia Rose Books It's adopted into Greek as arsenikon – a neuter form of the Greek adjective arsenikos (ἀρσενικός), meaning "male", "virile". Astrology Albert has a strong interest in astrology. The practice is widely embraced by scientists and intellectuals during the Middle Ages and early modern period. They believe life on earth mirrors the cosmos, suggesting a connection between the two realms. Zodiac & Rise of Horoscopic Astrology Ambrosia: Divine Nectar & Immortal Gods Ornithomancy - Prophecy by the Birds Sylvia Rose Books This adds to the concept of celestial bodies following patterns similar to those on earth, a philosophy appearing in ancient Mesopotamia. The adventures of Goddess Queen of Heaven Innana are thought to coincide with cycles of planet Venus. This connection is echoed in the concept of celestial bodies affecting human, not only divine, activities. In Rome, Emperor Nero (37 - 68 AD) bans astrologers from Rome and prohibits anyone to predict his date of death, due to popular interest in the subject. Agathodaemon: Snake God Alexandria Agrippina & Son: Poisonous Plots of Rome Wandering Womb - Ancient Medicine Sylvia Rose Books Albertus Magnus contends understanding celestial influences can guide people to live in accordance with Christian principles. His astrological beliefs are detailed in works written around 1260 and ideas can be found throughout his writings. In pursuit of innovation, he works with photosensitive chemicals, exploring the unique properties of silver nitrate. Albertus documents the ability of nitric acid to separate gold and silver, as in electrum , by dissolving the silver. Electrum: Metal of Money & Myth Babylonian Astrology: Destiny in the Stars Renaissance Apocalypse: End is Nigh Sylvia Rose Books Silver nitrate is the least expensive salt of silver. It offers several other advantages as well. It's relatively stable to light, and it dissolves in numerous solvents, including water. The nitrate is versatile and can be easily replaced by other ligands. When making photographic film, silver nitrate is treated with halide salts of sodium or potassium. Similarly, silver nitrate is used to make some silver-based explosives. Celandine: Plant Toxins & Medicine Messalina: Death & Desire in Ancient Rome Writing in Letters of Gold: Ancient Alchemy Sylvia Rose Books Silver salts have antiseptic properties. Fused silver nitrate, shaped into sticks, is traditionally called lunar caustic because silver was called luna by ancient alchemists who associate silver with the moon. Silver nitrate is used to cauterize superficial blood vessels in the nose to help prevent nosebleeds. Dentists sometimes use silver nitrate-infused swabs to heal oral ulcers. Silver nitrate is used by some podiatrists to kill cells located in the nail bed. Albertus is a leading figure in development of the philosophy of science. Others include Roger Bacon, Robert Grosseteste, William of Auvergne, Henry of Ghent, Thomas Aquinas, John Duns Scotus, and William of Ockham. Sylvia Rose Books Non-Fiction Books: World of Alchemy: Spiritual Alchemy World of Alchemy: A Little History Fiction Books: READ: Cult of the Fire God - Bronze Age Quest Adventure READ: Lora Ley Adventures  - Germanic Mythology Fiction Series READ: Reiker For Hire  - Victorian Detective Murder Mysteries Back to Top

Sulfur and mercury are the two main elements of alchemical theory. Used as medicine in ancient civilizations such as Greece, they take a central place in Alexandrian , Islamic , Chinese and European alchemy. United they form mercuric (II) sulfide, or cinnabar . READ: World of Alchemy: Spiritual Alchemy Mercury: Miracle Metal of Madness Sulfur - Treasures of the Underworld Zosimos: First Golden Age of Alchemy Sylvia Rose Books From its metallurgic forerunner, alchemy takes its own direction and develops as the craft of coloring metals, and coloring minerals such as quartz to look like precious metals or gemstones. Early alchemy is also applied to dyeing methods, especially those of purple. The link of lead to gold comes from a "gold multiplying" system using lead as a core covered with gold, or even melting lead and gold into an alloy. For example, a ring is made of lead and coated with real gold. A popular testing method of metals is melting point. Lead: Death Metal of Metallurgy Medicine in Ancient Egypt: Ebers Papyrus Copper: Ruddy Metal of Myth & Magic Sylvia Rose Books Lead has a low melting point at 327.5 °C (621.5 °F) c ompared to the precious metals silver at 961.8 °C (1763.24 °F) and gold. 1,064 °C (1947.2 °F). Testing for gold purity is often done with a melting point test. READ: World of Alchemy: A Little History A gold alloy or gold-colored lead will melt before the heating point of true gold is reached. In the lead-core objects, the lead might melt inside the object but the gold outer layers remain solid. The same is true of silver. This is a primary reason lead is associated with gold. Silver - Queen of Precious Metals Alchemy and the Art of Gold-Making Ptolemy: Earth, Almagest & Ancient Astronomy Sylvia Rose Books Malleable mercury and can dissolve many metals to merge with them, forming amalgams. Mercury amalgamates by preference with gold, then silver, tin, and lead. It's doesn't bind well with copper. Mercury or quicksilver is the only metal to be liquid at room temperature and also to evaporate at room temperature. Its melting point i s far below freezing at -38.83 °C (-37.9 °F). Mercury vapors are highly toxic. Writing in Letters of Gold: Ancient Alchemy Ancient Astrology: New Perspectives Alexandria: Jewel of Ancient History Sylvia Rose Books It won't bind with iron, thus early mercury shippers use iron containers, later glass. Mercury also won't amalgamate with platinum, tungsten and tantalum. The advent of glass is a boon to alchemists and physicians, who can see their substances at work or rest in glass vessels. Glass can hold mercury without dissolving, as in old thermometers, because the force of cohesion between mercury molecules is stronger than the force of adhesion between molecules of glass and mercury. Quintessence: Elemental Life Force Sacred Marriage: Hieros Gamos in Alchemy Periwinkle: Magic & Medicine of Europe Sylvia Rose Books The earliest known gold plating technique comes from the Romans. They mix molten gold and mercury and brush the alloy on a substrate. Then they heat the object, speeding the evaporation of mercury in the form of invisible toxic fumes. Mercury is often used in silver-making and many alchemists of the past extoll the virtues of this element for its use in brightening, lightening and otherwise coloring metals. Adding mercury to silver is one way to increase the quantity of silver. Glass & Arts of Ancient Glass Making Alchemy: Mercurius & the Dragon Obsidian: Ancient Volcanic Black Glass Sylvia Rose Books Cinnabar, or mercury sulfide (HgS), is the primary ore mineral of mercury. This vivid red mineral is often found with other minerals such as pyrite, marcasite, and stibnite. It typically occurs in veins close to recent volcanic activity and in deposits formed by sulfur hot springs. The distinctive color and properties of cinnabar have long attracted interest. One of the most infamous cinnabar deposits can be traced back to Almadén, Spain, an ancient Roman site of mining and mercury processing. Salt Trade - the Most Precious Mineral Zodiac, Astrology & Jungian Psychology Alchemy, Demons & the Roman Inquisition Sylvia Rose Books Due to the effects of devastating effects of mercury on the body, brain and nervous system, the early mines and production centers are worked by slaves, convicts and prisoners of war. A sentence to the Almadén mines is a slow painful death. Authorities consider it divine justice. One of the goals of alchemy is to transmute base metals to valuable ones like silver and gold. The balance between Mercury and Sulfur is paramount in this pursuit of transmutation. The ideal ratio of the two elements is believed to create gold. Cinnabar (Mercury Sulfide) Red Death Mandalas: Psychology & Art Therapy Chamomile - Herbology & Folklore Sylvia Rose Books In Islamic medieval alchemy, Jabir ibn Hayyan furthers the theory with the concept of mercury and sulfur as vapors permeating the earth. Where they mingle, they form certain ores or metals. Based on the male (sulfur) and female (mercury) pairing within the alchemical framework, theorists mull over chrysopoeia, or gold-making, in earnest. Each metal, according to Jabir, represents a combination of Mercury and Sulfur in imperfect proportions. Jabir ibn Hayyan: Alchemy of Islam Zodiac Alchemy - Metals & Planets Hermeticism & Alchemy in Alexandria Sylvia Rose Books Thus one must experiment until the right proportion is reached, and the metal transforms to gold or silver. A mercury / silver amalgam is made by mixing silver or a silver-based alloy, as small particles, with mercury into a paste. When the paste sets, it is hard. In the most extended processes, mercury reacts with powdered sulfur and/or liquid sulfur to form mercuric sulfide. Mercuric sulfide or cinnabar is prized as vermillion pigment in paintings and cosmetics due to its vibrant scarlet red color. Orpiment - Painter's Golden Poison Lead White & Minium Red: Colors to Die For Vermilion - Scarlet Pigment of Death Sylvia Rose Books The pigment is vermillion. European artists clamor for it and Mesoamericans use it to paint the dead. Getting vermillion can be a lethal process. It needs to be ground down from cinnabar, or mercuric sulfide, a mercury sulfur compound ore. Mercury, according to several leading alchemists through history, can make silver. Mercury or quicksilver is used to fake silver by adding it to melted lead, zinc or copper. It can be poured into blocks or other molds. Mugwort (Wormwood) Herbal Lore Rhododendron & the Toxic Ambrosia Iron Age - Metallurgy & Metal Magic Sylvia Rose Books Transmutation of metals is often not the alchemist's goal. In places such as Egypt and China, eternal life takes precedence in the ancient world. Alchemy has strong connections to ancient medicine, and a branch of alchemy, Spagyria , deals exclusively with plants. Sulfur (Brimstone) According to physician and alchemist Paracelsus, who pioneers Spagyria, sulfur is "the fluid" connecting High and Low. Sulfur denotes the expansive force, evaporation, and dissolution. Natural Health: Paracelsus & Hermetic Principles Ephedra - Oldest Medical Stimulant Herb Elixir of Life: Alchemy & the Emperor Sylvia Rose Books Sulfur corresponds to the soul or animus as mercury corresponds to spiritus , the spirit. During the Renaissance Paracelsus adds salt as a stabilizing factor, the body or corpus . The combination of sulfur and mercury create the soft stone cinnabar, also called red sulfur. Sulfur turns red on melting, and burns with a blue flame. Comparatively sulfur has a low (115.21 °C, ​239.38 °F) melting point. White sulfur is considered a purified form of red sulfur. Red represents the Red King. White sulfur, mercury or silver correspond to the White Queen. Alchemy: Red King & White Queen Queen Eleanor & the Calamitous Crusade Black Pigments of Ancient Artisans Sylvia Rose Books Medieval Islamic alchemists admire the work of Alexandrian alchemist Mary the Jewess (c. 100 AD), which comes their way after the c. 642 AD Islamic conquest of Egypt. They call her Daughter of Plato, another name for white sulfur. White and red are highly significant colors. The seventeenth dictum  of the Turba Philosophorum  (c. 900 AD), one of the earliest European alchemy texts, speaks in metaphor: O Turba of Philosophers and disciples, now hast thou spoken about making into white, but it yet remains to treat concerning the reddening! Know, all ye seekers after this Art, that unless ye whiten, ye cannot make red, because the two natures are nothing other than red and white. Whiten, therefore, the red, and redden the white! Nature Spirits of German Mythology White Pigments of Ancient Artisans Kermes Insect & Ancient Red Pigments Sylvia Rose Books Sulfur is used medicinally for treatment of skin ailments such as eczema and acne. It has a sublimation point of 20 °C (68 °F) - 50 °C (122 °F), meaning transformation to a gas without going through a liquid state first. Sublimation is one of the core processes of alchemy . Mercury Mercury (Quicksilver) is the omnipresent spirit of life. In alchemy this element transcends liquid and solid states to spiritus. Alchemy: Processes Used by Alchemists Azoth: Divine Substance of Alchemy Zodiac & Rise of Horoscopic Astrology Sylvia Rose Books Mercury is stable below 0 °C or in suitable environments, but unstable at room temperature, decomposing into metallic mercury and mercury(II) sulfide (mercuric sulfide, cinnabar). The compound is insoluble in water, making it valuable to industrial applications. Mercuric sulfide has been used in traditional medicine and alchemy for its spiritual and mystical properties. Formation of mercuric sulfide is a crucial aspect of mercury-sulfur chemistry. Casting the Bones - Astragalomancy Chaoskampf: Order & Chaos Battle Out Agrippina & Son: Poisonous Plots of Rome Sylvia Rose Books Some Arabo-Latin and Latin alchemical texts circulating before the end of the13th century show most alchemists of the period consider mercury and sulfur to be subject to purification techniques in the same way naturally occurring salts and minerals are freed of impurities. From humble beginnings in early philosophy and medicine, the mercury sulfur pairing grows stronger though the years. During the Renaissance they are the White Queen (mercury) and the Red King (sulfur) who come together in a union of opposites. Asclepius: Greek Medicine Snake God Aesculapian Snakes: Nature & Lore Khet, the Body: Death Rites of Ancient Egypt Sylvia Rose Books The spirit of mercury or Mercurius figures prominently in Renaissance alchemical lore. He is the moon glow in the phase of nigredo, a welcome light, just as God Mercury himself and ancient Greek Hermes are both psychopomps, guiding the soul in the afterlife. Mercurius is closely associated with unification of the King and Queen and birth of the divine hermaphrodite or the Rebis, child of Hermes (King) and Aphrodite (Queen). Mercurius, like the prima materia , can have various roles. He can be the Divine Hermaphrodite himself; assist in birth (infuse the spirit); or transform and be "born again" into Mercurius or the Rebis, like so: Alchemy: Mercurius & the Dragon Alchemy: Rebis Divine Hermaphrodite Chinese Alchemical Elixir Poisoning During the Renaissance mercury emerges as a prime element. Over a thousand years before, Greek philosophers name mercury as potentially the prima materia , the stuff making up all matter. Beginning in the last centuries BCE, it's an ingredient in many Chinese Elixirs of Life. Sylvia Rose Books Non-Fiction Books: World of Alchemy: Spiritual Alchemy World of Alchemy: A Little History Fiction Books: READ: Cult of the Fire God - Bronze Age Quest Adventure READ: Lora Ley Adventures  - Germanic Mythology Fiction Series READ: Reiker For Hire  - Victorian Detective Murder Mysteries Back to Top

Plague, war, famine and pervading doom lurk beneath the genius and enlightenment of the western Renaissance. The Rosicrucian movement gathers speed. People such as John Dee strive to save humanity from itself. Talk of Apocalypse pervades academic circles. READ: World of Alchemy: Spiritual Alchemy John Dee - Talking to Angels Women of Alchemy: Anna Maria Zieglerin Soul Perspectives: Pythagoras, Socrates, Plato Sylvia Rose Books Plague and More Plague: The medieval Plague of Justinian in the 6th and 7th centuries is the earliest recorded outbreak of bubonic plague, with historical accounts indicating that up to 40% of Constantinople's population perished. This marks the first well-documented occurrence of the disease. Estimates suggest that around half of Europe's population succumbs to the initial pandemic before it vanishes in the 700s. Following this, Europe doesn't see another plague outbreak until the Black Death of the 14th century. Roger Bacon: Medieval Science & Alchemy Pope vs Alchemy 1317 AD: Falsification Edward Kelley: Alchemy & the Angels Sylvia Rose Books The second pandemic emerges in Crimea c. 1347 and causes a global population decrease from an estimated 450 million to 350 - 375 million by 1400. The plague resurfaces intermittently with varying severity and fatality rates until the early 19th century. READ: World of Alchemy: A Little History For instance, in England, the plague reappears between 1360 and 1363, claiming the lives of 20% of Londoners. It recurs in 1369, causing the death of 10–15% of the population. The plague causes swollen black pus-filled buboes, rotting flesh (gangrene) and spewing blood. Theriac: Miracle Snake Venom Potion Panacea: Goddess of Universal Health Reishi or Lingzhi - Mushroom Magic Sylvia Rose Books According to reports, the plague is initially brought to Europe by Genoese traders from Kaffa, a port city in Crimea, in 1347. The Mongol Golden Horde army, led by Jani Beg, besieges the city from 1345 to 1346. Struggling with the disease, the army resorts to catapulting infected corpses over the city walls to spread the infection among the residents. It's during these precarious periods the brightest of minds, as many see themselves, prosper in the spring of a new enlightenment. Asclepius: Greek Medicine Snake God Elixir of Life: Alchemy & the Emperor Alchemy, Demons & the Roman Inquisition Sylvia Rose Books Plague strikes San Cristóbal in the Canary Islands 1582 -1583. In the 17th century, a series of major plague outbreaks occur in Europe. These include the Great Plague of Seville (1647 -1652), Great Plague of London (1665-1666) and the Great Plague of Vienna (1679). Centennial Changes Strange days arise at the end of centuries and millennia. Doom stalks the streets. Signs of chaos and disorder prevail. The woodcut of the Four Horsemen below by Albrecht Dürer in 1498 captures the mood as superstition intensifies and fears of massive upheaval affect all. Natural Magic of the Renaissance Michael Maier: Rosicrucians, Art & Alchemy Alchemy & Astrology: Cosmic Connections Sylvia Rose Books War & Inquisition Gunpowder is introduced to Europe in the mid 13th century, attributed to Roger Bacon . A series of wars and conflicts accelerate through Europe, from the Hundred Years' War 1337-1453, to the Italian Wars (1494-1559) ending in the dissolution of family monopolies. The Huguenot wars have a devastating effect in France, where the French monarchy under persecutes Protestants. Meanwhile the Catholic Inquisition spreads paranoia and distrust. Aristotle: Intellect & Psyche the Soul Hair Loss: 9 Natural Cures of Physician Dioscorides What is the Philosopher's Stone? Sylvia Rose Books Hundred Years' War (1337-1453) The conflict known as the Hundred Years' War (1337–1453) is a prolonged struggle between England and France, and a civil war in France, in the Late Middle Ages. The Hundred Years' War and previous plague devastation critically weakens the country until the late 15th century. Originating from feudal disputes over the Duchy of Aquitaine, the Hundred Years' War is fueled by Edward III of England's claim to the French throne. The conflict evolves into a larger military, economic and political confrontation driven by the rise of nationalism on both sides. Four Humors & Medical Stagnation Allegory of the Cave: Vision and Truth Psychology: the Conscious Ego of Self Sylvia Rose Books Traditionally seen as spanning 116 years, the war is actually characterized by intermittent fighting. It's often disrupted by external events like the Black Death, and multiple years of truce. Wars of the Roses (1455-1485) The Wars of the Roses are a sequence of civil wars fought between 1455 and 1487 to gain control of the English throne. Supporters of the House of Lancaster battle those of the House of York, two competing branches of the royal House of Plantagenet. Caterina Sforza: Renaissance Alchemy Women Scientists of the Ancient World Depth Psychology: Search for Meaning Sylvia Rose Books The conflict leads to extinction of Lancaster's male line in 1471, resulting in the Tudor family inheriting the throne claim through the female line. The resolution of the conflict comes with a marriage uniting the two houses and establishment of the dominant Tudor dynasty. Italian Wars (1494-1559) Between 1494 and 1559, the Italian Wars are fought predominantly in the Italian Peninsula, later extending to Flanders, the Rhineland, and Mediterranean Sea. The main adversaries are the Valois monarchs of France, and their rivals the Holy Roman Empire and Spain. Spiritual Magic - Numbers Three & Nine Ambrosia: Divine Nectar & Immortal Gods Alchemy and the Art of Gold-Making Sylvia Rose Books Various Italian city-states join the conflict at different times, some aligning with both sides, with minor participation from England, Switzerland and the Ottoman. Characterized by significant brutality, the wars erupt amid religious upheaval. The Reformation is a strong influence. Regarded as a pivotal moment in the shift from medieval to modern warfare, the Italian Wars witness the widespread adoption of firearms like the arquebus. There are also notable advancements in siege artillery technology. Zodiac Alchemy - Metals & Planets Collective Unconscious: Seeking the Whole Mandalas: Psychology & Art Therapy Sylvia Rose Books Eighty Years War (1568-1648) The Eighty Years' War or Dutch Revolt (Dutch: Nederlandse Opstand ) (c. 1566/1568–1648) is an armed conflict in the Habsburg Netherlands between disparate groups of rebels and the Spanish government. The causes of the war include the Reformation, centralisation, excessive taxation, and the rights and privileges of the Dutch nobility and cities. Wars of Religion - Huguenot Wars (1562-1598) The French Wars of Religion are a series of conflicts between French Catholics and Protestants known as Huguenots. Resulting in the death of millions due to violence, famine, and disease, the wars significantly weakened the French monarchy. Emerald Tablet - Sacred Alchemy Text Catherine de' Medici & the Occult Spiritual Alchemy: Fixatio (Fixation) Sylvia Rose Books Tensions between Protestants and Catholics escalate from the 1530s. The death of Henry II of France in 1559 sparks a power struggle between his widow Catherine de' Medici and influential nobles. READ: World of Alchemy: Spiritual Alchemy A notable event is the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre in 1572. Up to 25,000 Huguenots and supporters are killed over two months. The conflict resolves through compromise in 1598, with Henry of Navarre becoming King Henry IV of France after converting to Catholicism. World of Alchemy: A Little History Verdigris: Volatile Blue Green Pigment Alkahest: Alchemy Panacea & Solvent Sylvia Rose Books Thirty Years War (1618-1648) The Thirty Years' War is one of the most destructive conflicts in European history. Fought primarily in Central Europe, the wars causes an estimated 4.5 to 8 million soldiers and civilian deaths from battle, famine, or disease. Parts of Germany report population declines of over 50%. Related conflicts include the Eighty Years' War, War of the Mantuan Succession, Franco-Spanish War. The war can be seen as a continuation of conflicts initiated by the 16th-century Reformation in the Holy Roman Empire. Golden Ages of Alchemy: Renaissance Archetypes: Psychology of the Shadow Alchemy of Islam: Medieval Golden Age Sylvia Rose Books Catholic Inquisition The Inquisition starts back in12th-century France aiming to fight religious deviation. A group of institutions in the Catholic Church, the Inquisition is formed to combat heresy, apostasy, blasphemy, witchcraft, demons and deviant customs. Violence, torture or threats are a part of its application. The Church publishes books for its inquisitors, explaining how to use these to extract confessions and denunciations from heretics. Medici & Alchemy: Italian Renaissance Democritus - Atomic Theory 400 BCE Spiritual Alchemy - Attuning the Self Sylvia Rose Books Studies of records find the majority of sentences are penances. Convictions of unrepentant heresy are given to secular courts, which typically results in torture, execution or life imprisonment. The Inquisition causes religious confusion and fear among the populace. Protestant Reformation The Protestant Reformation takes place from 1517 to 1648. A significant religious, cultural, and social movement in 16th-century Europe, the Reformation challenges the authority of the medieval Church. Psychology: Archetype of the Self Herbs & Natural Remedies - Ancient Egypt Alchemy and the Art of Gold-Making Sylvia Rose Books This period enables individuals to form their own understandings of the Christian faith and contributes to the rise of modern nation-states. Developing concurrently with the Renaissance, the Protestant Reformation is the catalyst for a number of conflicts including: The Knights' War (1522–1523) in the Holy Roman Empire The First Dalecarlian Rebellion (1524–1525) in Sweden The German Peasants' War (1524–1526) in the Holy Roman Empire The Second Dalecarlian Rebellion (1527–1528) in Sweden Wandering Womb - Ancient Medicine Chamomile - Herbology & Lore Pseudo-Geber: Medieval Alchemy Sylvia Rose Books Spanish Inquisition 1478 - 1834 The primary purpose of the Spanish Inquisition, a branch of the Catholic Inquisition in Spain and Spanish territories, is to identify heretics. Inquisitors are especially interested in those who convert from Judaism and Islam to Catholicism. READ: World of Alchemy: Spiritual Alchemy The scrutiny of the faith of newly converted Catholics is more stringent after royal decrees are issued in 1492 and 1502. They state Jews and Muslims must convert to Catholicism, leave Castile, or face death. The Great Library of Alexandria Stephanus of Alexandria: the Last Intellectual Zosimos: First Golden Age of Alchemy Sylvia Rose Books This leads to hundreds of thousands of forced conversions, persecution and mass expulsions of Jews and Muslims from Spain. Many Jews of Castile emigrate to Portugal, where the whole community is forcibly converted in 1497. The Jews of the kingdom of Aragon flee to other Christian areas including Italy. They also relocate to North Africa along with most of the Muslims. Populations swell. The Inquisition is officially abolished in 1834, after a period of diminishing influence in the previous century. Writing Inside Eggs Italian Renaissance Hypatia: Scholar & Martyr Alexandria Myrrh - Mystique, Death & Divinity Sylvia Rose Books Rosicrucians The Rosicrucian movement appears with mysterious texts beginning in1610 Germany. Published 1614-15, they tell of a new enlightenment, claiming the Order of the Rose Cross has been guarding mystic secrets until the intellectual climate is favorable to receive them. The movement takes off like a hurricane as bright minds of the times discuss and dissemble philosophies. Talk generated by the mystic missives infuses society with the thought of a new world order. Women of Alchemy - Mary the Jewess Robert Fludd & Renaissance Medicine Rosicrucianism in the Renaissance Sylvia Rose Books This change is to be brought about with sciences like alchemy, astrology and scientific study of ancient wisdom. People like Michael Maier and Robert Fludd incorporate the messages of the Rosicrucian movement into their work. Famine In medieval Europe, famines are common. In the Kingdom of France, localized famines occur during the 14th century in 1304, 1305, 1310, 1315–1317 (the Great Famine), 1330–1334, 1349–1351, 1358–1360, 1371, 1374–1375, and 1390. Michael Maier: Rosicrucians, Art & Alchemy Islamic Alchemy: Abu Bakr al-Razi Calcination Process: Alchemy at High Heat Sylvia Rose Books The Kingdom of England, the most prosperous kingdom during the Great Famine, also has additional famines in 1321, 1351, and 1369. During the 15th and 16th centuries, famines affect Egypt, Italy, Spain, France and Bohemia (Czech Republic). It's a particularly bad time for Italy, with recurring famine for many years. Weather anomalies, wars and plague all contribute to famine throughout the Renaissance in Europe and other important regions such as Africa and India. Sulfur - Treasures of the Underworld Khaos: Primal Goddess of Greek Myth Azoth: Divine Substance of Alchemy Sylvia Rose Books Many people face food scarcity, leading to a harsh struggle for survival and short lifespan. Official records regarding the English royal family, considered the wealthiest in society, show the average life expectancy at birth of 35.28 years in 1276. During the Great Famine (1301-1325), it drops to 29.84 years, and during the Plague (1348-1375), it plummets to 17.33 years. This causes a population decline of approximately 42% between 1348-1375, about the time the Renaissance comes into being in Italy (c. 1350). Fortune Telling - The Mystic Victorian Spagyria: Botanical Science of Alchemy Agathodaemon: Fire, Silver & Alchemy Sylvia Rose Books Drought The transition from the Medieval Warm Period to the Little Ice Age brings severe droughts to Europe between 1302 -1307. Temperatures in Continental Europe rise. Regions of Medieval Europe fluctuate wildly between extreme rainfall and extreme drought. Swiss historian Christian Pfister describes the drought of 1540 in a newspaper interview: "For eleven months, there was practically no rain, temperatures were five to seven degrees Celsius (9 -13 °F) above the normal values for the 20th century; in many places summer temperatures must have exceeded 40 °C (104 °F). Caraway Spice - Herbology & Folklore Witches & Witchcraft: Ancient World Psychology: the Conscious Ego of Self Sylvia Rose Books Many forests in Europe went up in flames, choking smoke darkened the sun. Not a single thunderstorm was reported in the summer of 1540. Water was already scarce in May, wells and springs dried up, mills stood still, people starved, livestock was slaughtered. Estimates are that in 1540 half a million people died, mostly from dysentery. Natural Health: Paracelsus & Hermetic Principles Alchemy: Processes Used by Alchemists Anqi Sheng & the Elixir of Immortality Sylvia Rose Books Death After the devastation of the Plague, despite wars and droughts and famine, life expectancies begin to rise again. Those below are for male English aristocrats past the age of 21. 1300 - 1400: 45.44 yrs 1400 - 1500: 69.11 yrs 1500 - 1550: 71.27 yrs 1550 - 1600: 68.25 yrs 1600 - 1650: 63.95 yrs 1650 - 1700: 62.40 yrs 1700 - 1750: 64.13 yrs Due to high infant and mother mortality rates, these figures are roughly twice the life span of the average person from birth. Factoring in infant, child and mother deaths, the expected life span in 1400 is 23 years. If a person lives to adulthood, life expectancy goes up dramatically. Sublime Vision of Hermes Trismegistus Synchronicity: Psychology of Coincidence The Pauli Effect - Quarks or Quacks? Sylvia Rose Books Non-Fiction Books: World of Alchemy: Spiritual Alchemy World of Alchemy: A Little History Fiction Books: READ: Cult of the Fire God - Bronze Age Quest Adventure READ: Lora Ley Adventures  - Germanic Mythology Fiction Series READ: Reiker For Hire  - Victorian Detective Murder Mysteries Back to Top

Metals, planets, their properties and symbols give insight into nature and personality. The seven metals of antiquity correspond with the planets of the solar system. Each celestial body relates to a zodiac sign, and alchemy infuses new dynamics. READ: World of Alchemy: Spiritual Alchemy Alchemy: Science, Philosophy, Magic Baltic Amber - Gold of the North Common Archetypes & Spiritual Ascension Sylvia Rose Books They're easily available and worked by humans. Associations originate in a 7th century AD manuscript by Stephanus of Alexandria. Although Stephanus lives in Constantinople by the time of Islamic conquest of Egypt, he's considered the last of the Alexandrian intellectuals. This 1682 AD text fragment explains the contemporary view of metals, symbols and meanings. The symbol for gold is also used in Egyptian hieroglyphs for the sun, and in analytical psychology it's the conscious ego surrounded by the unconscious. Xanthosis, the Yellowing: Spiritual Alchemy Fortune Telling - The Mystic Victorian Mad Hatter's Disease: Mercury Madness ☉ Gold, ☽ Silver, ♂ Iron, ☿ Mercury, ♃ Jupiter, ♀ Venus, ♄ Lead, 🜬 Antimony 🜹 Sal Ammoniac (ammonium chloride) A.F. Aqua Fortis (strong water; nitric acid) A.℞. Aqua Regis (royal water; nitrohydrochloric acid; dissolves gold) S.V. Spirit of Wine 🝞 Sublimate 🝟 Precipitate 🝛 Amalgama 🜄 Water (feminine principle) 🜂 Fire (masculine principle) Each metal corresponds to a celestial body. In alchemy the planetary symbols also depict the associated metals. Alchemists mark containers of the toxic quicksilver with the ☿ symbol. Quicksilver or mercury is a primary metal of alchemy, associated with immortality. Elixir of Life: Alchemy & the Emperor Egyptian Alchemy - Power of Eternity Fuxi: Chinese Primordial Emperor God Sylvia Rose Books Metals and Planets Lead  - Saturn ♄ Tin  - Jupiter ♃ Iron  - Mars ♂ Gold  - Sun ☉ 🜚 ☼ Copper  - Venus ♀ Quicksilver  - Mercury ☿ Silver - Moon ☽ or ☾ Early metal / planet lists don't always match up. In some one finds Jupiter associated with electrum, a blend of gold silver and the material of the first coins, while tin is given to planet Mercury. Garnets - Gemstones of Blood and Life Hermeticism & Alchemy in Alexandria Iron Age - Metallurgy & Metal Magic Sylvia Rose Books The division of the ecliptic into the zodiac signs is a fundamental concept in astrology, with roots in ancient Babylonian astronomy. This system fascinates scholars and stargazers alike from the first half of the 1st millennium BCE. READ: World of Alchemy: A Little History For most of human history only five planets are known. In the 20th century, after more planets are discovered, some zodiac signs shift alliances. Each celestial body corresponds to a zodiac sign. Jade - Jadeite, Nephrite & Jade Roads Khet, the Body: Death Rites of Ancient Egypt Lake Van: Fate of a Primeval Salt Lake Sylvia Rose Books Sun Signs, Symbols, Planets & Metals Aries - Ram - Mars - iron Taurus - Bull - Venus - copper Gemini - Twins - Mercury - quicksilver Cancer - Crayfish - Moon - silver Leo - Lion - Sun - gold Virgo - Maiden - Mercury - quicksilver Libra - Balance - Venus - copper Scorpio - Scorpion - Mars - iron; later, Pluto Sagittarius - Archer - Jupiter - tin Capricorn - Sea-Goat - Saturn - lead Aquarius - Water Bearer - Saturn, lead; later Uranus Pisces - Fishes - Jupiter - tin; later Neptune Mandalas: Psychology & Art Therapy Noisy Spirits of German Mythology Owl - Death, Memory, Mystic Wisdom Sylvia Rose Books The Babylonians, renowned for advanced knowledge of the cosmos, meticulously map out the sky and identify specific constellations. The zodiac today comes from the observations and calculations of Babylonian astronomers over 2000 years ago. The Dog Star, Sirius, is the brightest star in the night sky. In alchemy symbolism the dog represents Sirius.  In ancient texts, Sirius is scorching, bringer of the summer heatwaves. Sirius intensifies the heat of the Sun. Pagan Solstice Fests: Saturnalia Quintessence: Elemental Life Force Rasayana: Alchemy & Health of India Sylvia Rose Books In ancient Greece Sirius is fire, fever and heat. The "dog days" of summer take their name from this star. In ancient Egypt, the rise of Sirius marks the annual flooding of the Nile and arrival of the god Hapi , a time of festivities, rituals and celebration. Back in the days before light pollution ancient observatories in high places bring one closer to the gods. Five planets seen with the naked eye are Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn. They influence concepts of mythology, cosmology, and ancient astronomy. Silver - Queen of Precious Metals Tria Prima: Birth & the Power of Three Ugarit Royal Palace: Romancing the Ruins Sylvia Rose Books Mentioned by c. 2nd millennium BCE in Sumer, Mercury is recorded by the Babylonians. They call the planet Nabu , after the Babylonian god of literacy and scribes. Ancient Greeks associate Mercury with Hermes, who carries the Sun across the sky in his chariot. Venus is known by the ancients, and tales of Sumerian Great Goddess Inanna are based on the cycles of the planet.  The Babylonians link Mars to Nergal, god of war and death, and the Greeks connect the planet with the war god. As Ares, Mars is a god of the ancient Amazons. Victorian Trends: Sailor Suits to Taxidermy Chun Yuyan & Death of Empress Xu Yazilikaya: Sacred Site of the Hittites Sylvia Rose Books Spiritual Meaning of the Metals of Antiquity Iron Iron lets one perceive subtle nuances others might miss. It brings resolve and unwavering commitment. This metal temperament has a reserved disposition and preference for rational reasoning. Traditionally iron repels evil energy. Most early iron comes from meteorites. Lead Lead, considered less noble than other metals, represents the lowest form of evil, like the evil found in the external natural world. However, in a positive sense, it symbolizes good of a similar level. This metal is heavy and toxic but also soft and malleable. Zosimos: First Golden Age of Alchemy Lead: Death Metal of Metallurgy Blacksmiths: Iron, Metal, Gods & Myth Sylvia Rose Books Quicksilver / Mercury With spiritual cleansing and purifying properties, and ability to ward off evil, this metal is also known for attracting luck and love. It protects against harmful energies and brings beneficial influences into one's life. It's very toxic, sending a message about shallow beauty. Tin Tin is malleable and flexible. As such, it promotes adaptability and resilience in the face of trials and adversity. Tin is often associated with sexuality and the sacral chakra. It vibrates to rejuvenation, regeneration and healing. Mandalas: Psychology & Art Therapy Tin Trade Routes - Ancient Networks Cassiterite - Tin Source of Ancients Sylvia Rose Books Silver Silver relates to femininity. It hones sensitivity, broadens awareness, enhances intuition, invokes compassion. It's an antibacterial metal. Silver promotes enhanced dreams, love, protection, and improved brain function. Like gold it's edible, used in traditional medicine. Gold Gold has spiritual significance across various cultures and religions globally. Commonly linked to the divine, it symbolizes spiritual awakening and change. Numerous spiritual beliefs view gold as a representation of purity, wisdom, and spiritual achievement. Gold - Precious Metal of the Sun Psychology: the Conscious Ego (Self) Prima Materia: Elements of Alchemy Sylvia Rose Books Copper Copper has mental and emotional healing attributes as well as physical properties. Like silver, copper is antibacterial. It calms restless anxiety, also enhancing intuition and psychic abilities. This makes copper conducive to meditation and spiritual discovery. In the 20th century noted psychologist Carl Jung tries to prove his theory of synchronicity using astrology. Jung is noted for pioneering work, but even collaborator Wolfgang Pauli, of the "Pauli effect" thinks he's gone too far. Jung continues to explore ancient methods. Copper: Ruddy Metal of Myth & Magic The Way to Aaru - Egyptian Paradise Ullikummi - Rock Monster of Legend Sylvia Rose Books In 1950 Jung writes: “The basic meaning of the horoscope is that, by mapping out the positions of the planets and their relations to one another (aspects), together with the distribution of the signs of the zodiac at the cardinal points, it gives a picture first of the psychic and then of the physical constitution of the individual. It represents, in essence, a system of original and fundamental qualities in a person’s character, and can therefore be regarded as an equivalent of the individual psyche.” Active Imagination: Creative Therapy Synchronicity: Psychology of Coincidence Collective Unconscious: Seeking the Whole Sylvia Rose Books Non-Fiction Books: World of Alchemy: A Little History World of Alchemy: Spiritual Alchemy Fiction Books: READ: Cult of the Fire God - Bronze Age Quest Adventure READ: Lora Ley Adventures  - Germanic Mythology Fiction Series READ: Reiker For Hire  - Victorian Detective Murder Mysteries Back to Top

Astrology holds a keen interest for analytical psychologist Carl Jung, seeking to explain theories such as synchronicity . Dubbed the "Father of the New Age", Jung is concerned about his reputation as a scientist, yet cannot deny the intricate connections of all things. READ: World of Alchemy: Spiritual Alchemy Synchronicity: Psychology of Coincidence The Pauli Effect - Quarks or Quacks? Zodiac Alchemy - Metals & Planets Sylvia Rose Books Jung (1875 - 1961) is called "Father of the New Age" for his concept of how the collective human psyche evolves as one Platonic month ends and another begins.  One twelfth of a Great Year, a Platonic month corresponds to one of the zodiacal ages, or 2160 years. Astrologers remain uncertain whether the Age of Aquarius is current or forthcoming. The latter puts us into the Age of Pisces. Many publications posit the Age of Aquarius arrived in the 20th century. Others name the 24th century, 27th and even the 35th century AD. Collective Unconscious: Seeking the Whole Xanthosis, the Yellowing: Spiritual Alchemy Alchemy Colors: Color Phase Therapy Sylvia Rose Books In a description added to his essay on synchronicity: “ ... I should perhaps add a few explanatory words for those readers who do not feel at home with the ancient art and technique of astrology. Its basis is the horoscope, a circular arrangement of sun, moon, and planets according to their relative positions in the signs of the zodiac at the moment of an individual’s birth. Anima Mundi: Soul of the World Pagan Solstice Fests: Saturnalia Immortal - Quest for the Elixir of Life Sylvia Rose Books There are three main positions, those of the sun, moon, and the so-called ascendant; the last has the greatest importance for the interpretation of an activity: the ascendant represents the degree of the zodiacal sign rising over the eastern horizon at the moment of birth. The horoscope consists of 12 so-called “houses,” sectors of 30° each. Astrological tradition ascribes different qualities to them as it does to the various “aspects,” i.e. angular relations of the planets and the luminaria (sun and moon), and to the zodiacal signs.” Alchemy: Science, Philosophy, Magic Active Imagination: Creative Therapy Quintessence: Elemental Life Force Sylvia Rose Books More than just defining astrology as art, technique or science, Jung recognizes the psychological description of character associated with astrology, with planets corresponding to the individual character components. READ: World of Alchemy: A Little History For Jung, the horoscope is the chronometric equivalent of individual character, through all the characterological components of the personality, and that a person’s natal chart could provide insights into "what the patient’s soul intended for her to achieve.” Alchemy: Red King & White Queen Hermes Trismegistus: Alchemy & the Occult Pentagram: Drudenfuß, Five Point Star Sylvia Rose Books A natal chart is like a mandala of the soul’s plan for this incarnation. Analyzing transits, Jung seeks a demonstration of synchronicity by correlating movement of planets through the year with a person's natal chart. They show significant alignments with the patient's personality traits or current psychological state. The insights can apply to brief time periods of time, such as months or years in a society's activities, as well as to much longer time spans like eons. Mandalas: Psychology & Art Therapy Alchemy and the Art of Gold-Making Moon Magic - the Feminine Principle Sylvia Rose Books An astrological age is a time period which, according to astrology, parallels major changes in the development of human society, culture, history, and politics. There are twelve astrological ages corresponding to the twelve zodiacal signs in western astrology. As a medical doctor he also feels it's his responsibility to make people aware of the changes experienced at the approach of the Age of Aquarius. He sets the date at 1940 due to the meridian crossing of the first star in constellation Aquarius. Ouroboros Glyph: Snake Eating its Tail Alchemy & Psychology: Hidden Meanings Egyptian Alchemy - Power of Eternity Sylvia Rose Books He writes, " ... My motivation does not stem from arrogance, but rather from my sense of responsibility as a psychiatrist to carry out my duty and prepare those receptive to my message for the forthcoming events that align with the conclusion of an era. Drawing from the lessons of ancient Egyptian history, these events represent shifts in the collective psyche that typically occur at the conclusion of one Platonic month and the commencement of another. Evidently, these shifts involve alterations in the configuration of dominant psychic elements, known as archetypes or "gods" in the past, that trigger enduring changes in the collective consciousness. Alchemy: Mercurius & the Dragon Unus Mundus One World: Psychology Victorian Trends: Sailor Suits to Taxidermy Sylvia Rose Books This process commenced in antiquity, leaving its mark initially as the transition from the age of Taurus to Aries, and subsequently from Aries to Pisces, coinciding with the advent of Christianity. We are now approaching a significant transition that is anticipated as the vernal equinox moves into Aquarius." Psychological transformations during Age changes are not easy. Similar to how individuals may feel lost, uneasy, and insecure during personal transitions, global shifts can manifest as collective sensations of sadness, discomfort, worry and fear across all societies worldwide. Fortune Telling - The Mystic Victorian Destiny & Death: Fate in the Ancient World Ambrosia: Divine Nectar & Immortal Gods Sylvia Rose Books Jung wants people to navigate these psychological changes consciously. Awareness can mitigate any potential harmful effects. Jung’s Research on Astrology In his astrology studies, Jung discovers the shift of eons, huge periods of time, in the zodiac. His research mainly revolves around analyzing the charts of individuals. In a notable experiment from 1955, he analyzes 800 charts. Sacred Marriage: Hieros Gamos in Alchemy Pure Form, Archetypes & Alchemy Chrysopoeia - Turning Lead into Gold Sylvia Rose Books In his Collected Works , he discusses findings on the charts of married couples, particularly focusing on the sun-moon aspects. He observes sun-moon conjunctions and oppositions are prevalent among these couples. What are the outcomes of this experiment? Jung reports “The statistical material shows that a practically as well as theoretically improbable chance combination occurred which coincides in the most remarkable way with traditional astrological expectations. That such a coincidence should occur at all is so improbable and so incredible that nobody could have dared to predict anything like it.” Unity of Opposites: Spiritual Alchemy Psychology: the Conscious Ego (Self) Spagyria: Botanical Science of Alchemy Sylvia Rose Books Statistics, according to Jung, obliterate the individual. At the same time, a scientist relies on statistics for objectivity. Jung and his assistants work with astrology for years, interpreting individuals’ charts. They know many marriages have certain sun-moon configurations. Their enthusiasm and optimism for the outcome creates skewed statistics, demonstrating how “the psychic processes of the interested parties were affected by the synchronistic arrangement.” Psychology: Understanding Archetypes Fairy Rings, Moon & Nature Magic Individuation: Process and Philosophy Sylvia Rose Books Jung theorizes the value of astrology is in its evocation of synchronicity, to provide insights into lives of individuals and societies’ situations. How Jung Uses Astrology From early times, astrologers see a correspondence between various planets, houses, zodiacal signs and aspects, all of which have meanings as a basis for character study or interpretation of a given situation. Spiritual Alchemy - Attuning the Self Archetypes - Personality & the Persona Numinous: Beholding the Divine Sylvia Rose Books Jung uses astrology to gain insight into personality and character, asserting it gives a "more or less total picture of the individual’s character." In one example, Jung draws up the chart of a female client. She presents “... with strong inner oppositions whose union and reconciliation constitute her main problem.' Her chart shows a “conjunction of the sun and moon as the symbol of the union of opposites.” Archetypes, Stereotypes & Prototypes Allegory of the Cave: Vision and Truth Hypatia: Scholar & Martyr Alexandria Sylvia Rose Books Jung concludes the reconciliation of the tension of opposites, is “what her soul intended for her to achieve." Planetary aspects give clues about the individual’s psycho-physiological disposition: “by mapping out the positions of the planets and their relations to one another (aspects), together with the distribution of the signs of the zodiac at the cardinal points, it [the birth chart] gives a picture first of the psychic and then of the physical constitution of the individual.” Emerald Tablet - Sacred Alchemy Text World of Alchemy: Spiritual Alchemy Ogdoad - Primordial Gods of Egypt Sylvia Rose Books Many students take up his work, in the concept that “the entire horoscope… is the chronometric equivalent of individual character, through all the characterological components of the personality,” As a person changes over time, so the transit chart can illustrate, explain and time individual growth: “The journey through the planetary houses, … therefore signifies the overcoming of a psychic obstacle, or of an autonomous complex, suitably represented by a planetary god or demon.” Agathodaemon: Snake God Alexandria Women Scientists of the Ancient World Anqi Sheng & the Elixir of Immortality Sylvia Rose Books For example, Samael the king of all demons, the angel of death and husband of demonic Lilith, dwells on Mars. The Christian devil is said to live on Saturn, but it's possible he only vacations there. Non-Fiction Books: World of Alchemy: A Little History World of Alchemy: Spiritual Alchemy Fiction Books: READ: Cult of the Fire God - Bronze Age Quest Adventure READ: Lora Ley Adventures  - Germanic Mythology Fiction Series READ: Reiker For Hire  - Victorian Detective Murder Mysteries Back to Top

The zodiac, a celestial coordinate system divided into twelve signs, has a rich history dating back to the Roman era, where it's heavily influenced by Hellenistic astronomy, which, in turn, inherits concepts from Babylonian astronomy in the mid-1st millennium BCE. World of Alchemy: Spiritual Alchemy World of Alchemy: A Little History Babylonian Astrology: Destiny in the Stars Ptolemy: Earth, Almagest & Ancient Astronomy Astrology & Astronomy Ancient Origins Sylvia Rose Books The Babylonians develop an intricate system of tracking celestial movements along the ecliptic, forming the basis for the zodiac today. The zodiac's development was a result of centuries of observations and calculations by astronomers and astrologers alike. The epileptic is the great circle or apparent path of the Sun among the constellations in the course of a year; from another viewpoint, the projection on the celestial sphere of the orbit of Earth around the Sun. The constellations of the zodiac are arranged along the ecliptic. Hermes Trismegistus: Alchemy & the Occult Babylonian Astrology: Destiny in the Stars Zodiac, Astrology & Jungian Psychology Sylvia Rose Books The above artwork shows the constellation for the Argo, a divine vessel built by shipmaker Argo(s), with heavenly help from Athena, goddess of wisdom and war. To the left of Argo is Canis major, the Great Dog. The Dog Star Sirius appears as the largest, at the dog's mouth. READ: World of Alchemy: Spiritual Alchemy Ancient astronomers and astrologers use the Dog Star to predict the "Dog Days" of remorseless heat, and the coming of the refreshing, life-giving Nile river floods. The Dog Star Sirius, symbolically represented by a dog, is an important factor in Hermetic belief. Flooding of the Nile - Nature & Myth Lotan - Chaos Sea Dragon of Ugarit Renaissance Apocalypse: End is Nigh Sylvia Rose Books Horoscopic astrology plays a crucial role in predicting celestial events and interpreting the impact of the stars on human affairs. Each zodiac sign is linked to distinct characteristics, traits, and meanings, forming the foundation of horoscopic astrology. Horoscopic astrology originates in the late 2nd or early 1st century BCE. In ancient Hellenistic astrology, the ascendant marks the initial celestial house of a chart. In India, horoscopic astrology is practiced under the name Jyotisha . Casting the Bones - Astragalomancy Chaoskampf: Order & Chaos Battle Out Zodiac, Astrology & Jungian Psychology Jyotisha is rooted in the word Jyotish, which means light, such as that of the sun or the moon or heavenly body. The term Jyotisha includes the study of astronomy, astrology and the science of timekeeping using the movements of astronomical bodies. READ: World of Alchemy: A Little History Essentially, horoscopic astrology involves creating astrological charts defining the positions of various celestial bodies end elements of the subject's viewpoint at a given moment. The primary use of horoscopic astrology is analyzing individuals' birth charts. Terrazzo Floors & Neolithic Masons Oldest Cattle Cult 6000 BCE - Arabia The Mystic Victorian - Fortune Telling Sylvia Rose Books These can interpret personality traits, psychological characteristics, and destiny. The search to know destiny is a driving force behind the popularity of astrology. During the Renaissance and earlier, every court has an astrologer. Many believe fate is predestined, and divination such as astrology can give a glimpse into the potential future of a person's life or the realm of a king. Often destiny cannot be changed, but sometimes it can. Judgment after death is a concern for Egyptians. Ammit - Eater of the Heavy Heart The Way to Aaru - Egyptian Paradise Papyrus (Cyperus papyrus): Plant of Aaru Sylvia Rose Books The Mesopotamian afterlife is not based on judgment. Good and evil people all go to the Underworld, Kur . How they exist in Kur depends on grave goods and on descendants bringing libations, which are poured down a tube to the grave, or food offerings. Theoretically, a horoscope can be cast for the inception of any entity, including organizations, nations, animals, and even objects like ships, cars, and airplanes. In Egypt the horoscope of the sacred bull Apis would be cast. Ancient Greek Astrology & Astronomy Egyptian Alchemy - Power of Eternity Quest for Immortality - Qin Shi Huang Sylvia Rose Books In Mesopotamia no structure is erected without first consulting personal and territorial horoscopes. Through history, the zodiac is a significant influence in various cultures and societies, shaping beliefs and practices related to astrology. Regardless of nationality it's often common to cast the horoscope of a monarch on ascension to the throne or a wedding. Problems of the monarch(s) become difficulties in the Kingdom. The alignment of the zodiac signs with the constellations has long been a subject of debate. Egyptian Blue Lotus: Visionary Beauty Khet, the Body: Death Rites of Ancient Egypt Chinese Alchemical Elixir Poisoning Sylvia Rose Books The ancient Babylonians, known for their advanced knowledge of celestial phenomena, made a groundbreaking contribution to the world of astrology during the middle of the 2nd millennium BCE. Their system of celestial omens laid the foundation for the development of astrology in various regions, including Asia, Europe, and the Middle East. As Babylonian astrology travels across continents, it merges with existing astrological practices in China and Greece. Women of the Wild Hunt: Holle, Diana, Frigg Wine God Liber: Liberty & Liberal Libation Baba Yaga - Slavic Forest Witch Sylvia Rose Books In Greece, Babylonian astrological knowledge arrives c. 4th century BCE, intertwining with the Egyptian Decanic astrology in the late 2nd or early 1st century BCE. From this fusion arises horoscopic astrology. Horoscopic astrology emphasizes the natal chart based on planetary positions at the time of birth. The introduction of the ascendant and the twelve celestial houses derived from it marks a significant shift in astrological practices. Al-Mi'raj: Unicorn Hare of Arab Myth Lapis Lazuli: Vibrant Blue Gem of Ancients Baltic Amber - Gold of the North Sylvia Rose Books This innovative approach to astrology during the Hellenistic period contributes to widespread adoption across Europe and the Middle East. The precision and complexity of horoscopic astrology draws scholars and practitioners. In ancient belief, legendary sage Hermes Trismegistus is credited with the creation of horoscopic astrology. This development in astrology is said to come from foundational texts authored by Hermes, integrating elements of Babylonian, Greek and Egyptian systems. Hermes Trismegistus: Alchemy & the Occult Sublime Vision of Hermes Trismegistus Emerald Tablet - Sacred Alchemy Text Sylvia Rose Books Hermes defines the houses and their significances, a revolutionary concept within Hellenistic tradition. Precise definition of houses in horoscopic astrology marks a crucial departure from Babylonian astrology and contributes to the unique identity of Hellenistic astrology. As the tradition evolves, transmission of horoscopic astrology knowledge extends to the mythical medicine god Asclepius , who inherits some of Hermes' teachings. Asclepius: Greek Medicine Snake God Noisy Spirits of German Mythology Ereshkigal & the Mesopotamian Underworld Sylvia Rose Books Asclepius is taught by his father, Apollo, and the wise centaur Chiron. From two snakes he learns the skill of bringing people back to life. He applies it to the son of King Minos, who drowned in a honey vat. He performs such miracles, Zeus kills him with a thunderbolt. When Apollo learns of the death of his his son, he cries amber tears into Eridanos, one of the rivers of Hyperborea. The river Po, close to the amber trade routes, is identified as the legendary Eridanos. Baltic Amber - Gold of the North Ancient Grains: Wheat, Barley, Millet, Rice Baltic Amber in Folklore and Myth Sylvia Rose Books To make up for killing him, Zeus raises Asclepius to full god status. Temples to Asclepius are found throughout Roman historic territories. People who sleep there will learn the nature of their ailments in dreams. The Aesculapian snakes are sacred to Asclepius. Descendants of these snakes still live where the temples once stood. Perhaps it's no coincidence the pagan patron of Alexandria, center of wisdom, medicine and new thought such as Hermeticism, is Agathodaemon, a snake. Žaltys: Sacred Snake & Serpent Queen Ouroboros Glyph: Snake Eating its Tail Agathodaemon: Snake God Alexandria This transfer of astrological wisdom from Hermes to Asclepius enriches the lineage of Hermetic writings and solidifies the endurance of horoscopic astrology. Horoscopic astrology, based on ancient practices, shows the influence of Hermes Trismegistus on astrology today. Sylvia Rose Books Non-Fiction Books: World of Alchemy: Spiritual Alchemy World of Alchemy: A Little History Fiction Books: READ: Cult of the Fire God - Bronze Age Quest Adventure READ: Lora Ley Adventures  - Germanic Mythology Fiction Series READ: Reiker For Hire  - Victorian Detective Murder Mysteries Back to Top

As humanity evolves, so does study of astrology. Settlement, and the advent of writing c. 3200 BCE, lead to concise development of abilities to interpret movements and alignments of stars and planets, linking celestial travels to events on Earth in broad or intimate ways. READ: World of Alchemy: Spiritual Alchemy Women Scientists of the Ancient World Babylonian Astrology: Destiny in the Stars Zodiac & Rise of Horoscopic Astrology Sylvia Rose Books One of the most influential events of the Neolithic Revolution (c. 10,000 BCE), is a keen interest in celestial phenomena, especially constellations. As people transition from nomadic to settled agricultural lives, they observe patterns of stars in the sky from a fixed position. From their perspectives, the star patterns change regularly through the seasons, giving crucial information to early civilizations about yearly activities. Studying movement of constellations, ancient societies can predict the arrival of specific star clusters, and their meanings. Celandine: Plant Toxins & Medicine Astrology & Astronomy Ancient Origins Ancient Greek Astrology & Astronomy Sylvia Rose Books These coincide with important natural events such as annual floods or seasonal changes. This type of forecasting is characteristic of ancient astronomy, which is concerned with seasons, meteorology and cycles of existence. Eclipses and certain star arrangements are omens. READ: World of Alchemy: A Little History Astronomy deals in practicalities but astrology is the leading star science for thousands of years. Their combined knowledge helps people plan agricultural activities and create calendars. By c. 3rd millennium BCE, sages have a good understanding of celestial patterns. Moon Magic - the Feminine Principle Cleopatra the Physician of Greece Zodiac Alchemy - Metals & Planets Sylvia Rose Books They align temples and structures to movements of certain stars, a connection between the earthly realm and the heavens. These alignments have both practical and symbolic purposes, emphasizing the importance of celestial bodies in daily lives and beliefs. Recorded astrology can be traced back to ancient Mesopotamia, where writing develops c. 3200 BCE, encompassing regions such as Sumer, Akkad, Assyria, and Babylonia. Some of the earliest known astrological references are copies of texts dating back to the ancients. Castle Frankenstein - Legend & Lore Women of the Wild Hunt: Holle, Diana, Frigg Zodiac, Astrology & Jungian Psychology Sylvia Rose Books The Venus tablet of Ammisaduqa, compiled in Babylon around 1700 BCE, provides valuable insights the rise and set of Venus. The earliest copy of this tablet to be published, in 7th-century BCE cuneiform, is found in the library at Nineveh. Astrologers know the positions of the stars and planets can influence human behavior and the course of events. Astrology becomes intertwined with religion, philosophy and science, shaping societies and guiding decision-making. Zosimos: First Golden Age of Alchemy Alchemy: Science, Philosophy, Magic Prima Materia: Elements of Alchemy Sylvia Rose Books Despite irregular movements of Venus, various cultures have different interpretations of this celestial being. Some ancient people don't recognize Venus as a single entity but rather as two distinct stars on opposite horizons, the morning ( Lucifer ) and evening ( Hesperus ) star. Recent discovery of a cylinder seal from the Jemdet Nasr period provides evidence the ancient Sumerians already understand the morning and evening stars are the same cosmic body. The Sumerians associate Venus with goddess Inanna . Cylinder Seals of the Ancient World Hurrians: Bronze Age Warrior Kingdom Inanna: Goddess Queen of Heaven She's later known as Ishtar among Akkadians and Babylonians. Inanna embodies dual aspects of love and war, symbolizing the forces influencing both birth and death. The Hurrians know her as Shaushka . The movements of Venus are tied to mythology surrounding Inanna and her dualistic nature. In several myths, such as Inanna and Shukaletuda and Inanna's Descent into the Underworld , the goddess's actions reflect the movement of Venus as it progresses through its cycle. Dumuzi & Geshtinanna: Reasons for Seasons Lucifer, Venus & Anti-Gods of Mythology Hesperus (Vesper) the Evening Star Inanna remains in the Underworld three days, then is resurrected and escapes the dark realm of Ereshkigal , pursued by galla demons all the way. The connection between Venus and Inanna sheds light on the profound influence of celestial bodies on ancient mythologies. Sylvia Rose Books Non-Fiction Books: World of Alchemy: Spiritual Alchemy World of Alchemy: A Little History Fiction Books: READ: Cult of the Fire God - Bronze Age Quest Adventure READ: Lora Ley Adventures  - Germanic Mythology Fiction Series READ: Reiker For Hire  - Victorian Detective Murder Mysteries Back to Top